Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Oct;11(40):e2405763. doi: 10.1002/advs.202405763. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
The demineralization of dental hard tissue imposes considerable health and economic burdens worldwide, but an optimal method that can repair both the chemical composition and complex structures has not been developed. The continuous development of nanotechnology has created new opportunities for the regeneration and repair of dental hard tissue. Increasingly studies have reported that nanomaterials (NMs) can induce and regulate the biomimetic mineralization of dental hard tissue, but few studies have examined how they are involved in the different stages, let alone the relevant mechanisms of action. Besides their nanoscale dimensions and excellent designability, NMs play a corresponding role in the function of the raw materials for mineralization, mineralized microenvironment, mineralization guidance, and the function of mineralized products. This review comprehensively summarizes the advantages of NMs and examines the specific mineralization mechanisms. Design strategies to promote regeneration and repair are summarized according to the application purpose of NMs in the oral cavity, and limitations and development directions in dental hard tissue remineralization are proposed. This review can provide a theoretical basis to understand the interaction between NMs and the remineralization of dental hard tissue, thereby optimizing design strategy, rational development, and clinical application of NMs in the field of remineralization.
牙体硬组织脱矿给全世界带来了相当大的健康和经济负担，但尚未开发出一种既能修复化学成分又能修复复杂结构的最佳方法。纳米技术的不断发展为牙体硬组织的再生和修复创造了新的机会。越来越多的研究报告称，纳米材料 (NMs) 可以诱导和调节牙体硬组织的仿生矿化，但很少有研究探讨它们如何参与不同阶段，更不用说相关的作用机制了。除了纳米级尺寸和出色的可设计性外，NMs 在矿化原料的功能、矿化微环境、矿化引导以及矿化产物的功能中也发挥着相应的作用。本综述全面总结了 NMs 的优势，并考察了具体的矿化机制。根据 NMs 在口腔中的应用目的，总结了促进再生和修复的设计策略，并提出了在牙体硬组织再矿化方面的局限性和发展方向。本综述可以为理解 NMs 与牙体硬组织再矿化的相互作用提供理论基础，从而优化再矿化领域 NMs 的设计策略、合理开发和临床应用。
