Patel Roshan, Kemp Caitlin L, Hafejee Muneebah, Peckham Nicholas, Jain Vageesh, McCann Gerry P, Pallikadavath Susil
College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Hereford County Hospital, Hereford, UK.
Sports Med Open. 2021 Apr 29;7(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s40798-021-00320-y.
High-dose exercise-induced cardiac outcomes may vary between sexes. However, many studies investigating the cardiovascular effects of high-dose exercise have excluded or under-recruited females. This scoping review aimed to describe the recruitment of females in studies assessing the impact of high-dose exercise on cardiovascular outcomes and describe how this has changed over time. This scoping review followed the protocol outlined by Arksey and O'Malley and is reported as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The OVID and EMBASE databases were searched for studies that assessed the effects of high-dose exercise on cardiovascular outcomes. Both professional and nonprofessional groups were included. The review found 2973 studies, and 250 met the inclusion criteria including cumulatively 17,548,843 subjects. Over half the studies (n = 127) excluded females entirely, and only 8 (3.2%) studies recruited all-female participants. The overall mean percentage of females recruited was 18.2%. The mean percentage was 14.5% in studies conducted before 2011 and 21.8% in studies conducted after 2011. Females are an underrepresented group in studies assessing the cardiovascular outcomes related to high-dose exercise. As cardiovascular outcomes vary between sexes, translating findings from a largely male-based evidence may not be appropriate. Future investigators should aim to establish and overcome barriers to female recruitment.
大剂量运动引起的心脏结局可能因性别而异。然而，许多研究大剂量运动对心血管影响的研究都排除了女性或招募女性的人数不足。本范围综述旨在描述在评估大剂量运动对心血管结局影响的研究中女性的招募情况，并描述这种情况随时间的变化。本范围综述遵循了阿克西和奥马利概述的方案，并按照系统评价和Meta分析扩展版的范围综述首选报告项目（PRISMA-ScR）指南进行报告。在OVID和EMBASE数据库中搜索评估大剂量运动对心血管结局影响的研究。专业和非专业群体均包括在内。该综述共找到2973项研究，其中250项符合纳入标准，累计涉及17548843名受试者。超过一半的研究（n = 127）完全排除了女性，只有8项（3.2%）研究招募了全女性参与者。招募女性的总体平均百分比为18.2%。2011年之前进行的研究中这一平均百分比为14.5%，2011年之后进行的研究中为21.8%。在评估与大剂量运动相关的心血管结局的研究中，女性是代表性不足的群体。由于心血管结局存在性别差异，将主要基于男性的证据得出的结果进行外推可能并不合适。未来的研究人员应致力于建立并克服女性招募方面的障碍。
