Department Medicine, Training and Health, Institute of Sports Science and Motologie, Philipps-University Marburg, Jahnstr. 12, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sports Med. 2021 Sep;51(9):1815-1834. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01471-4. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
A flattening of the oxygen uptake-work rate relationship at severe exercise indicates the achievement of maximum oxygen uptake [Formula: see text]. Unfortunately, a distinct plateau [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text]is not found in all participants. The aim of this investigation was to critically review the influence of research methods and physiological factors on the [Formula: see text] incidence. It is shown that many studies used inappropriate definitions or methodical approaches to check for the occurrence of a [Formula: see text]. In contrast to the widespread assumptions it is unclear whether there is higher [Formula: see text] incidence in (uphill) running compared to cycling exercise or in discontinuous compared to continuous incremental exercise tests. Furthermore, most studies that evaluated the validity of supramaximal verification phases, reported verification bout durations, which are too short to ensure that [Formula: see text] have been achieved by all participants. As a result, there is little evidence for a higher [Formula: see text] incidence and a corresponding advantage for the diagnoses of [Formula: see text] when incremental tests are supplemented by supramaximal verification bouts. Preliminary evidence suggests that the occurrence of a [Formula: see text] in continuous incremental tests is determined by physiological factors like anaerobic capacity, [Formula: see text]-kinetics and accumulation of metabolites in the submaximal intensity domain. Subsequent studies should take more attention to the use of valid [Formula: see text] definitions, which require a cut-off at ~ 50% of the submaximal [Formula: see text] increase and rather large sampling intervals. Furthermore, if verification bouts are used to verify the achievement of [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text], it should be ensured that they can be sustained for sufficient durations.
在剧烈运动时，摄氧量-做功率关系的平坦化表明达到了最大摄氧量 [公式：见正文]。不幸的是，并非所有参与者都能在 [公式：见正文] 处发现明显的平台 [公式：见正文]。本研究的目的是批判性地回顾研究方法和生理因素对 [公式：见正文] 发生率的影响。结果表明，许多研究使用了不适当的定义或方法来检查 [公式：见正文] 的发生。与普遍的假设相反，目前尚不清楚在（上坡）跑步与骑行运动相比，或者在不连续与连续递增运动测试相比，是否存在更高的 [公式：见正文] 发生率。此外，评估超最大验证阶段有效性的大多数研究报告的验证回合持续时间太短，无法确保所有参与者都达到 [公式：见正文]。因此，递增测试补充超最大验证回合时，并没有太多证据表明 [公式：见正文] 发生率更高，并且对 [公式：见正文] 的诊断具有相应的优势。初步证据表明，连续递增测试中 [公式：见正文] 的发生取决于生理因素，如无氧能力、[公式：见正文]动力学和代谢物在亚最大强度域的积累。后续研究应更加注意使用有效的 [公式：见正文] 定义，这需要在~50%的亚最大 [公式：见正文] 增加和较大的采样间隔处进行截断。此外，如果使用验证回合来验证 [公式：见正文]/[公式：见正文] 的实现，应确保它们能够持续足够长的时间。
