Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Research Group for Health Sciences CST-451, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 5;18(7):3784. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073784.
Previous studies have shown that planned home birth in low-risk pregnancies is a generally safe option. However nowadays, only 0.5 percent of deliveries have been at home in Spain. This study sought to understand the characteristics of planned home births with qualified healthcare professionals in low-risk pregnancies and their results on maternal and neonatal health in the Balearic Islands. The study followed a retrospective descriptive design to investigate planned home births from 1989 to 2019 ( = 820). Sociodemographic data of women, healthcare professional intervention rates, and maternal/fetal morbidity/mortality results were collected. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the IBM SPSS Version 25 software package. The results indicated that women with low-risk pregnancies who planned home births with a qualified midwife had a higher probability of spontaneous vaginal birth delivery and positive maternal health results. Furthermore, the risk of hospital transfer was low (10.7%) and the rate of prolonged breastfeeding (>1 year) was extremely high (99%). Moreover, the study showed that planned home births can be generally associated with fetal well-being. The conclusions and implications of this study are that planned home births in low-risk pregnancies attended by qualified midwives in the Balearic Islands achieve positive results in both maternal and newborn health, as well as low rates of obstetric intervention.
先前的研究表明，在低风险妊娠中计划家庭分娩通常是一种安全的选择。然而，如今在西班牙，只有 0.5%的分娩是在家中进行的。本研究旨在了解在低风险妊娠中由合格医疗保健专业人员计划家庭分娩的特征及其对巴利阿里群岛母婴健康的结果。该研究采用回顾性描述性设计，调查了 1989 年至 2019 年期间（=820 例）计划在家分娩的情况。收集了妇女的社会人口统计学数据、医疗保健专业人员干预率以及母婴/胎儿发病率/死亡率结果。使用 IBM SPSS 版本 25 软件包对结果进行了统计分析。结果表明，计划在家中由合格助产士分娩的低风险妊娠妇女，其自然阴道分娩的可能性更高，且母亲健康状况良好。此外，转诊风险较低（10.7%），母乳喂养时间延长（>1 年）的比例极高（99%）。此外，该研究表明，计划家庭分娩通常可以与胎儿健康状况相关。本研究的结论和意义在于，在巴利阿里群岛，由合格助产士为低风险妊娠妇女提供计划家庭分娩，可以在母婴健康方面取得积极成果，且产科干预率较低。
