Marceca Gioacchino P, Tomasello Luisa, Distefano Rosario, Acunzo Mario, Croce Carlo M, Nigita Giovanni
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Apr 3;13(7):1699. doi: 10.3390/cancers13071699.
Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) editing consists of an RNA modification where single adenosines along the RNA sequence are converted into inosines. Such a biochemical transformation is catalyzed by enzymes belonging to the family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) and occurs either co- or post-transcriptionally. The employment of powerful, high-throughput detection methods has recently revealed that A-to-I editing widely occurs in non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are a class of small regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) acting as translation inhibitors, known to exert relevant roles in controlling cell cycle, proliferation, and cancer development. Indeed, a growing number of recent researches have evidenced the importance of miRNA editing in cancer biology by exploiting various detection and validation methods. Herein, we briefly overview early and currently available A-to-I miRNA editing detection and validation methods and discuss the significance of A-to-I miRNA editing in human cancer.
腺苷到肌苷（A-to-I）编辑是一种RNA修饰，即RNA序列中的单个腺苷被转化为肌苷。这种生化转化由作用于RNA的腺苷脱氨酶（ADAR）家族的酶催化，发生在转录过程中或转录后。最近，强大的高通量检测方法的应用揭示了A-to-I编辑广泛存在于非编码RNA中，包括微小RNA（miRNA）。miRNA是一类作为翻译抑制剂的小调节非编码RNA（ncRNA），已知在控制细胞周期、增殖和癌症发展中发挥相关作用。事实上，最近越来越多的研究通过各种检测和验证方法证明了miRNA编辑在癌症生物学中的重要性。在此，我们简要概述早期和目前可用的A-to-I miRNA编辑检测和验证方法，并讨论A-to-I miRNA编辑在人类癌症中的意义。
