Department of Land Resource Management, School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Department of Geography, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, No. 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 6;18(7):3828. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073828.
China has entered the stage where urban agglomerations underpin and spearhead the county's urbanization. Urban agglomerations in China have become economic growth poles, and the constantly improving transport networks in these agglomerations bring about opportunities for redistributing labor forces and promoting regional economic development, trade, and social progress for all. This is the foundation and fuel for urban development. However, lack of knowledge of the spatial features of, and the interrelationship between, regional urbanization and traffic accessibility constrains effective urban planning and decision-making. To fill this gap, this study attempted to evaluate the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of urbanization levels and traffic accessibility in 1995, 2005, and 2015 in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomerations (MRYRUA), China. The spatial interaction, spatial dependence effect, and spatial spillover effect between urbanization and traffic accessibility were tested by employing the bivariate spatial autocorrelation model and spatial regression models. The results showed that the urbanization level and traffic accessibility in the MRYRUA shot up over time and manifested similar spatial distribution characteristics. The global bivariate spatial autocorrelation coefficients were positive and significant during the period studied, and the main relationship types were the high urbanization and high traffic accessibility types and low urbanization and low traffic accessibility types. The spatial regression results showed that there was a significant positive association between urbanization and traffic accessibility, but with a significant scale effect. Urbanization is not only affected by the traffic accessibility of the individual grid unit but also by those in the adjacent or further grid units. The findings in this study provide important implications for urbanization development and transportation planning. The spatial dependence effect and spatial spillover effect between urbanization and traffic accessibility should be considered in future urban planning and transportation planning. The rational allocation of resources and inter-regional joint management can be an effective path toward regional sustainability.
中国已进入城市群支撑和引领县域城镇化的阶段。中国城市群已成为经济增长极，这些城市群不断完善的交通网络为劳动力重新配置和促进区域经济发展、贸易和社会进步带来了机遇。这是城市发展的基础和动力。然而，由于缺乏对区域城镇化和交通可达性的空间特征及其相互关系的了解，限制了有效的城市规划和决策。为了填补这一空白，本研究试图评估 1995 年、2005 年和 2015 年中国长江中游城市群（MRYRUA）的城镇化水平和交通可达性的时空分布特征。通过使用二元空间自相关模型和空间回归模型，测试了城镇化与交通可达性之间的空间相互作用、空间依赖效应和空间溢出效应。结果表明，MRYRUA 的城镇化水平和交通可达性随时间呈上升趋势，表现出相似的空间分布特征。在研究期间，全局二元空间自相关系数为正且显著，主要关系类型为高城镇化和高交通可达性类型以及低城镇化和低交通可达性类型。空间回归结果表明，城镇化与交通可达性之间存在显著的正相关关系，但存在显著的规模效应。城镇化不仅受到个体网格单元交通可达性的影响，还受到相邻或更远网格单元交通可达性的影响。本研究的结果为城镇化发展和交通规划提供了重要启示。在未来的城市规划和交通规划中，应考虑城镇化和交通可达性之间的空间依赖效应和空间溢出效应。资源的合理配置和区域间的联合管理可以成为实现区域可持续性的有效途径。
