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我们脆弱的阴暗面——两种实验室方法。

Our Vulnerable Dark Side-Two Laboratory Approaches.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany.

Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 9;18(8):3941. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18083941.

Abstract

The Dark Triad of personality has been associated with aggression against others as a reaction to perceived provocations. However, previous work has also shown that such responsive aggression even occurs if it means harming oneself. The first of two laboratory studies aimed to investigate whether this relation between the Dark Triad and self-harming behavior also occurs in situations where no others are affected but self-harm is likely. The second laboratory study considered two different settings in a within-participants design in order to analyze the stability of self-harming behavior and to what extent the Dark Triad constructs influence this behavior. The sample for study 1 consisted of 151 students (45.7% female) with a mean age of 21.40 years ( = 2.19); the sample for study 2 consisted of 251 students (76.0% female) with a mean age of 22.21 years ( = 3.90). Aside from the Dark Triad's common core, depending on how self-harm was triggered (ego-threat (mainly narcissism), being alone with one's own thoughts (mainly psychopathy), or reward condition (mainly Machiavellianism)), the Dark Triad traits differed in their responsiveness but were stable over the last two conditions, thereby suggesting a vulnerable side of the Dark Triad.

摘要

人格的黑暗三因素与对他人的攻击性有关,这种攻击性是对感知到的挑衅的反应。然而,之前的工作也表明,即使这意味着伤害自己,这种反应性攻击也会发生。两项实验室研究中的第一项旨在调查黑暗三因素与自残行为之间的这种关系是否也会出现在没有他人受到影响但自残可能性较大的情况下。第二项实验室研究采用被试内设计,考虑了两种不同的情境,以分析自残行为的稳定性以及黑暗三因素构念在多大程度上影响这种行为。研究 1 的样本由 151 名学生(45.7%为女性)组成,平均年龄为 21.40 岁( = 2.19);研究 2 的样本由 251 名学生(76.0%为女性)组成,平均年龄为 22.21 岁( = 3.90)。除了黑暗三因素的共同核心外,根据自残的触发方式(自我威胁(主要是自恋)、独处时思考(主要是精神病态)或奖励条件(主要是马基雅维利主义)),黑暗三因素的特质在反应性上有所不同,但在最后两种条件下保持稳定,这表明黑暗三因素有脆弱的一面。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4e6c/8070541/f2c91c3b3541/ijerph-18-03941-g001.jpg

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