Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungbuk, Cheongju 28116, Korea.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
Cells. 2021 Apr 14;10(4):897. doi: 10.3390/cells10040897.
Macrophages play an important role in the innate and adaptive immune responses of organ systems, including the lungs, to particles and pathogens. Cumulative results show that macrophages contribute to the development and progression of acute or chronic inflammatory responses through the secretion of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and the activation of transcription factors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases, such as acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ARDS related to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)), allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This review summarizes the functions of macrophages and their associated underlying mechanisms in the development of ALI, ARDS, COVID-19-related ARDS, allergic asthma, COPD, and IPF and briefly introduces the acute and chronic experimental animal models. Thus, this review suggests an effective therapeutic approach that focuses on the regulation of macrophage function in the context of inflammatory lung diseases.
巨噬细胞在包括肺部在内的器官系统的固有和适应性免疫反应中发挥重要作用，以应对颗粒和病原体。累积的结果表明，巨噬细胞通过分泌炎症细胞因子/趋化因子和激活转录因子，在炎症性肺病（如急性肺损伤（ALI）、急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）、与 COVID-19 相关的 ARDS（由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起）、过敏性哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和特发性肺纤维化（IPF））的发病机制中，促进急性或慢性炎症反应的发展和进展。本综述总结了巨噬细胞的功能及其相关潜在机制在 ALI、ARDS、COVID-19 相关 ARDS、过敏性哮喘、COPD 和 IPF 中的作用，并简要介绍了急性和慢性实验动物模型。因此，本综述提出了一种有效的治疗方法，即专注于在炎症性肺病背景下调节巨噬细胞功能。
