Hybrid Atypical Enteropathogenic and Extraintestinal (aEPEC/ExPEC) BA1250 Strain: A Draft Genome.

Diarrheagenic is the major bacterial etiological agent of severe diarrhea and a major concern of public health. These pathogens have acquired genetic characteristics from other pathotypes, leading to unusual and singular genetic combinations, known as hybrid strains and may be more virulent due to a set of virulence factors from more than one pathotype. One of the possible combinations is with extraintestinal (ExPEC), a leading cause of urinary tract infection, often lethal after entering the bloodstream and atypical enteropathogenic (aEPEC), responsible for death of thousands of people every year, mainly children under five years old. Here we report the draft genome of a strain originally classified as aEPEC (BA1250) isolated from feces of a child with acute diarrhea. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that BA1250 genome content is genetically closer to strains that cause extraintestinal infections, other than intestinal infections. A deeper analysis showed that in fact this is a hybrid strain, due to the presence of a set of genes typically characteristic of ExPEC. These genomic findings expand our knowledge about aEPEC heterogeneity allowing further studies concerning pathogenicity and may be a source for future comparative studies, virulence characteristics, and evolutionary biology.