Ruff Jared, Tellez Guillermo, Forga Aaron J, Señas-Cuesta Roberto, Vuong Christine N, Greene Elizabeth S, Hernandez-Velasco Xochitl, Uribe Álvaro J, Martínez Blanca C, Angel-Isaza Jaime A, Dridi Sami, Maynard Clay J, Owens Casey M, Hargis Billy M, Tellez-Isaias Guillermo
Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, 04510 Cd. de Mexico, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 10;11(4):1084. doi: 10.3390/ani11041084.
The objective of the present research was to assess the dietary supplementation of three formulations of essential oils (EO) in chickens under heat stress (HS). Day-of-hatch Cobb 500 chicks ( = 500) were randomly distributed into four groups: 1. HS control + control diets; 2. HS + control diets supplemented with 37 ppm EO of (LO); 3. HS + control diets supplemented with 45 ppm LO + 45 ppm EO of (RO) + 300 ppm red beetroot; 4. HS + 45 ppm LO + 45 ppm RO + 300 ppm natural betaine. Chickens that received the EO showed significant ( < 0.05) improvement on BW, BWG, FI, and FCR compared to control HS chickens. Average body core temperature in group 3 and group 4 was significantly ( < 0.05) reduced compared with the HS control group and group 2. Experimental groups showed a significant reduction in FITC-d at 42 days, a significant increase in SOD at both days but a significant reduction of IFN-γ and IgA compared with HS control ( < 0.05). Bone mineralization was significantly improved by EO treatments ( < 0.05). Together these data suggest that supplemental dietary EO may reduce the harmful effects of HS.
本研究的目的是评估热应激（HS）条件下三种精油（EO）制剂对鸡的日粮补充效果。刚孵化出的500只科宝500雏鸡被随机分为四组：1. 热应激对照组 + 对照日粮；2. 热应激 + 对照日粮补充37 ppm的月桂烯（LO）；3. 热应激 + 对照日粮补充45 ppm月桂烯 + 45 ppm的罗勒烯（RO）+ 300 ppm红甜菜根；4. 热应激 + 45 ppm月桂烯 + 45 ppm罗勒烯 + 300 ppm天然甜菜碱。与热应激对照组鸡相比，接受精油补充的鸡在体重（BW）、体重增长（BWG）、采食量（FI）和饲料转化率（FCR）方面有显著（P < 0.05）改善。与热应激对照组和第2组相比，第3组和第4组的平均体核温度显著（P < 0.05）降低。与热应激对照组相比，实验组在42日龄时异硫氰酸荧光素 - d（FITC - d）显著降低，在两个日龄时超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）显著升高，但γ干扰素（IFN - γ）和免疫球蛋白A（IgA）显著降低（P < 0.05）。精油处理显著改善了骨矿化（P < 0.05）。这些数据共同表明日粮补充精油可能会降低热应激的有害影响。
