Fernández-Aparicio Mónica, Masi Marco, Cimmino Alessio, Evidente Antonio
Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-CSIC, Avda. Menéndez Pidal sn, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Apr 11;10(4):746. doi: 10.3390/plants10040746.
The holoparasitic broomrape weeds ( and species) cause severe yield losses throughout North Africa, the Middle East, and Southern and Eastern Europe. These parasitic weeds form an haustorium at the tip of their radicles to infect the crop upon detection of the host-derived haustorium-inducing factors. Until now, the haustorial induction in the broomrapes remains less studied than in other parasitic plant species. Known haustorium-inducing factors active in hemiparasites, such as and species, were reported to be inefficient for the induction of haustoria in broomrape radicles. In this work, the haustorium-inducing activity of -benzoquinone and 2,6-dimethoxy--benzoquinone (BQ and DMBQ) on radicles of three different broomrapes, namely , and , is reported. Additional allelopathic effects of benzoquinones on radicle growth and radicle necrosis were studied. The results of this work suggest that benzoquinones play a role in the induction of haustorium in broomrapes. Although dependent on the broomrape species assayed and the concentration of quinones used in the test, the activity of BQ appeared to be stronger than that of DMBQ. The redox property represented by -benzoquinone, which operates in several physiological processes of plants, insects and animals, is invoked to explain this different activity. This work confirms the usefulness of benzoquinones as haustorium-inducing factors for holoparasitic plant research. The findings of this work could facilitate future studies in the infection process, such as host-plant recognition and haustorial formation.
全寄生列当属杂草（及其种类）在北非、中东以及南欧和东欧造成了严重的产量损失。这些寄生性杂草在其胚根尖端形成吸器，一旦检测到宿主衍生的吸器诱导因子，就会感染作物。到目前为止，与其他寄生植物种类相比，列当属植物吸器诱导的研究较少。据报道，已知在半寄生植物（如独脚金属和桑寄生属植物）中起作用的吸器诱导因子，对列当属胚根吸器的诱导效率不高。在这项研究中，报道了对苯醌和2,6 - 二甲氧基对苯醌（BQ和DMBQ）对三种不同列当属植物（即埃及列当、向日葵列当和瓜列当）胚根的吸器诱导活性。还研究了苯醌对胚根生长和胚根坏死的其他化感作用。这项研究的结果表明，苯醌在列当属植物吸器的诱导中起作用。尽管这取决于所检测的列当属植物种类以及试验中使用的醌类浓度，但BQ的活性似乎比DMBQ更强。以对苯醌为代表的氧化还原特性在植物、昆虫和动物的多个生理过程中起作用，被用来解释这种不同的活性。这项研究证实了苯醌作为全寄生植物研究中吸器诱导因子的有用性。这项研究的结果可能有助于未来对感染过程的研究，如宿主植物识别和吸器形成。
