Characterization of Allelochemicals against Broomrape Weeds.

The study of allelopathic activity of plants and the isolation and characterization of the responsible allelochemicals can lead to the development of environment friendly alternative approaches to weed control. species are invasive weeds that use allelopathic activity as part of a successful strategy to outcompete neighboring plants. Broomrape weeds are parasitic plants that use host-induced germination and the formation of a haustorium as strategies to infect host plants. The control of broomrape infection in most affected crops is limited or non-existing. In the current study, we investigated the allelopathic activity of organic extracts in suicidal germination and radicle growth of four broomrape species ( and ). A bioactivity-driven fractionation of extracts led to the identification of two germination-inducing molecules and two growth-inhibitory compounds. The germination-inducing metabolites had species-specific activity being hispidulin active on seeds of and methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate active in . The growth-inhibitory metabolites (4)-lachnophyllum lactone and (4,8)-matricaria lactone strongly inhibited the radicle growth of all parasitic weed species studied. Some structure-activity relationships were found as result of the study herein presented.