Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland.
Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 15;18(8):4185. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084185.
(1) Background: Alcohol is a leading risk factor of premature morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the patterns of alcohol consumption in the PURE Poland cohort study baseline. (2) Methods: A Polish cohort was enrolled in the baseline study in 2007-2010. The study group consisted of 2021 adult participants of urban and rural areas from the Lower Silesia voivodeship in Poland (747 men and 1274 women). (3) Results: In the overall study population, 67.3% were current drinkers, 10.3% were former drinkers, and 22.4% were abstainers. Current use of alcohol products was more prevalent in men (77.2%), people living in urban areas (73.0%), and people with a higher level of education (78.0%). The percentage of current drinkers decreased with increasing age (from 73.4% in 30- to 44-year-olds to 48.8% in participants aged 64 and more). The majority of participants (89.2%) declared a low level of alcohol intake. The chance of high level of intake of alcohol was four times higher in men than in women (OR 4.17; CI 1.64-10.6). The majority of participants (54.6%) declared most frequent consumption of low-alcohol drinks (beer, wine) and 21% declared most frequent consumption of spirits. Current drinkers had almost 1.5-fold higher odds of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) than never drinkers (OR 1.49, CI 1.03-2.17; OR 1.66, CI 1.27-2.18, respectively). Former drinkers had higher odds for hypertension and CVD than never drinkers (1.73, CI 1.05-2.85; OR 1.76, CI 1.22-2.53, respectively). (4) Conclusions: In our cohort study, we observed several socio-demographic factors differentiating the patterns of alcohol consumption. The preventive programs should focus predominantly on men, people aged <45 years, and those with a higher level of education.
(1) 背景：酒精是导致早发性发病和死亡的主要风险因素。本研究的目的是调查 PURE 波兰队列研究基线中酒精消费模式。
(2) 方法：2007-2010 年在波兰下西里西亚省招募了一个波兰队列进行基线研究。研究组包括来自该省城乡地区的 2021 名成年参与者（747 名男性和 1274 名女性）。
(3) 结果：在整个研究人群中，67.3%为现饮酒者，10.3%为既往饮酒者，22.4%为不饮酒者。现饮酒者在男性（77.2%）、居住在城市地区的人（73.0%）和受教育程度较高的人（78.0%）中更为普遍。现饮酒者的比例随年龄增加而降低（从 30-44 岁人群的 73.4%降至 64 岁及以上人群的 48.8%）。大多数参与者（89.2%）报告酒精摄入量较低。男性饮酒量高的可能性是女性的四倍（OR 4.17；CI 1.64-10.6）。大多数参与者（54.6%）报告最常饮用低酒精饮料（啤酒、葡萄酒），21%报告最常饮用烈酒。与从不饮酒者相比，现饮酒者患糖尿病和心血管疾病（CVD）的几率高出近 1.5 倍（OR 1.49，CI 1.03-2.17；OR 1.66，CI 1.27-2.18）。既往饮酒者患高血压和 CVD 的几率高于从不饮酒者（1.73，CI 1.05-2.85；OR 1.76，CI 1.22-2.53）。
(4) 结论：在我们的队列研究中，我们观察到一些社会人口因素可区分酒精消费模式。预防计划应主要针对男性、<45 岁人群和受教育程度较高的人群。
