Kurniasari Maria Dyah, Karwur Ferry Fredy, Rayanti Rosiana Eva, Dharmana Edi, Rias Yohanes Andy, Chou Kuei Ru, Tsai Hsiu-Ting
School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Wu-Xing Street, No 250, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Diponegoro Street, No 52-60, Salatiga City 50711, Indonesia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 19;18(8):4324. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084324.
To analyze the association between smoking status (active smoking and exposure to Second-Hand Smoking (SHS)) and the synergistic effect of smoking status and BMI with gout risk, a community-based case-control design was undertaken among 385 participants, including 304 healthy controls and 81 gout patients from seven community health services. Adjusted Odd Ratios (AORs) and 95% Confidence Interval (CIs) of gout for active smoking and SHS were 3.26 (95% CI = 1.079.90) and 4.67 (95% CI = 2.1810.00) compared to non-smokers. Time-dependent manner of active smoking and SHS significantly increased gout risk with AORs and 95% CIs of 5.95 (1.4125.03) and 10.12 (3.5129.14). Dose-dependency of active smokers and SHS showed AORs and 95% CIs of 5.15 (1.2820.63) and 4.37 (1.3314.28). Smoking 20 cigarettes (one pack) per day for one year is equivalent to one pack-year. Active smoking >20 pack-year and SHS > 26.5 pack-year increased gout risk with AORs and 95% CIs of 7.18 (1.5333.67) and 9.95 (3.6427.22). Participants who smoked (active smoking and SHS) and with Body Mass Index (BMI) of > 24.9 kg/m synergistically increased gout risk, with an AOR of 9.65 and 95% CI of 3.25~28.65, compared to BMI ≤ 24.9 kg/m and non-smoker. Smoking status (active smoking and SHS) and the synergistic effect of smoking status and BMI increased gout risk in Indonesia.
为分析吸烟状况（主动吸烟和接触二手烟）以及吸烟状况与体重指数对痛风风险的协同效应之间的关联，我们在385名参与者中采用了基于社区的病例对照设计，其中包括来自七个社区卫生服务机构的304名健康对照者和81名痛风患者。与不吸烟者相比，主动吸烟和二手烟导致痛风的调整后比值比（AOR）及95%置信区间（CI）分别为3.26（95%CI = 1.079.90）和4.67（95%CI = 2.1810.00）。主动吸烟和二手烟的时间依赖性显著增加痛风风险，AOR及95%CI分别为5.95（1.4125.03）和10.12（3.5129.14）。主动吸烟者和二手烟的剂量依赖性显示AOR及95%CI分别为5.15（1.2820.63）和4.37（1.3314.28）。每天吸20支烟（一包）持续一年相当于一个包年。主动吸烟>20包年和二手烟>26.5包年增加痛风风险，AOR及95%CI分别为7.18（1.5333.67）和9.95（3.6427.22）。与体重指数≤24.9kg/m且不吸烟的参与者相比，吸烟（主动吸烟和二手烟）且体重指数>24.9kg/m的参与者协同增加痛风风险，AOR为9.65，95%CI为3.25~28.65。在印度尼西亚，吸烟状况（主动吸烟和二手烟）以及吸烟状况与体重指数的协同效应会增加痛风风险。
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