Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 25;18(9):4541. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094541.
There are few long-term nutritional studies in subjects undergoing bariatric surgery that have assessed weight regain and nutritional deficiencies. In this study, we report data 8 years after surgery on weight loss, use of dietary supplements and deficit of micronutrients in a cohort of patients from five centres in central and northern Italy. The study group consisted of 52 subjects (age: 38.1 ± 10.6 y, 42 females): 16 patients had Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), 25 patients had sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and 11 subjects had adjustable gastric banding (AGB). All three bariatric procedures led to sustained weight loss: the average percentage excess weight loss, defined as weight loss divided by excess weight based on ideal body weight, was 60.6% ± 32.3. Despite good adherence to prescribed supplements, 80.7% of subjects (72.7%, AGB; 76.7%, SG; 93.8 %, RYGB) reported at least one nutritional deficiency: iron (F 64.3% vs. M 30%), vitamin B12 (F 16.6% vs. M 10%), calcium (F 33.3% vs. M 0%) and vitamin D (F 38.1% vs. M 60%). Long-term nutritional deficiencies were greater than the general population among men for iron and among women for vitamin B12.
在接受减肥手术的受试者中，很少有长期的营养研究评估体重反弹和营养缺乏。在这项研究中，我们报告了意大利中部和北部五个中心的 52 名患者手术后 8 年的减肥、饮食补充剂使用和微量营养素缺乏的数据。研究组包括 52 名患者（年龄：38.1 ± 10.6 岁，42 名女性）：16 名患者接受了 Roux-en-Y 胃旁路术（RYGB），25 名患者接受了袖状胃切除术（SG），11 名患者接受了可调节胃束带术（AGB）。所有三种减肥手术都导致了持续的体重减轻：超重体重减轻的平均百分比，定义为体重减轻除以基于理想体重的超重，为 60.6% ± 32.3。尽管很好地遵守了规定的补充剂，但 80.7%的患者（AGB 为 72.7%，SG 为 76.7%，RYGB 为 93.8%）报告至少有一种营养缺乏：铁（F 为 64.3%，M 为 30%），维生素 B12（F 为 16.6%，M 为 10%），钙（F 为 33.3%，M 为 0%）和维生素 D（F 为 38.1%，M 为 60%）。长期营养缺乏在男性中比一般人群更严重，缺铁，在女性中比一般人群更严重，维生素 B12 缺乏。
