Botzer Alon, Finkelstein Yoram, Unger Ron
The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Neurology and Toxicology Service and Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel.
Biomedicines. 2021 Apr 25;9(5):469. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9050469.
Blood pressure (BP) is determined by several physiological factors that are regulated by a range of complex neural, endocrine, and paracrine mechanisms. This study examined a collection of 198 human genes related to BP regulation, in the biological processes and functional prisms, as well as gene expression in organs and tissues. This was made in conjunction with an orthology analysis performed in 19 target organisms along the phylogenetic tree. We have demonstrated that transport and signaling, as well as homeostasis in general, are the most prevalent biological processes associated with BP gene orthologs across the examined species. We showed that these genes and their orthologs are expressed primarily in the kidney and adrenals of complex organisms (e.g., high order vertebrates) and in the nervous system of low complexity organisms (e.g., flies, nematodes). Furthermore, we have determined that basic functions such as ion transport are ancient and appear in all organisms, while more complex regulatory functions, such as control of extracellular volume emerged in high order organisms. Thus, we conclude that the complex system of BP regulation evolved from simpler components that were utilized to maintain specific homeostatic functions that play key roles in existence and survival of organisms.
血压（BP）由多种生理因素决定，这些因素受一系列复杂的神经、内分泌和旁分泌机制调节。本研究在生物过程和功能层面，以及器官和组织中的基因表达方面，研究了198个与血压调节相关的人类基因。这一研究是结合在系统发育树中的19种目标生物上进行的直系同源分析开展的。我们已经证明，运输和信号传导，以及一般的内稳态，是在所研究物种中与血压基因直系同源物相关的最普遍的生物过程。我们表明，这些基因及其直系同源物主要在复杂生物体（如高等脊椎动物）的肾脏和肾上腺以及低复杂性生物体（如苍蝇、线虫）的神经系统中表达。此外，我们已经确定，诸如离子运输等基本功能是古老的，并且出现在所有生物体中，而更复杂的调节功能，如细胞外液量的控制则出现在高等生物体中。因此，我们得出结论，血压调节的复杂系统是从更简单的组成部分进化而来的，这些组成部分被用来维持在生物体的生存和存活中起关键作用的特定内稳态功能。
