Tada Akio, Senpuku Hidenobu
Department of Health Science, Hyogo University, Kakogawa 675-0195, Japan.
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Dent J (Basel). 2021 Apr 13;9(4):43. doi: 10.3390/dj9040043.
Influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have caused respiratory diseases worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global health concern requiring emergent measures. These viruses enter the human body through the oral cavity and infect respiratory cells. Since the oral cavity has a complex microbiota, influence of oral bacteria on respiratory virus infection is considered. Saliva has immune molecules which work as the front line in the biophylactic mechanism and has considerable influence on the incidence and progression of respiratory viral infection. Salivary scavenger molecules, such as gp340 and sialic acid, have been reported to exert anti-influenza virus activity. Salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) has potential to acquire immunity against these viruses. Biological features of the oral cavity are thought to affect viral infection in respiratory organs in various ways. In this review, we reviewed the literature addressing the impact of oral conditions on respiratory infectious diseases caused by viruses.
流感病毒和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）已在全球范围内引发呼吸道疾病。2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）目前是一个需要采取紧急措施的全球卫生问题。这些病毒通过口腔进入人体并感染呼吸道细胞。由于口腔拥有复杂的微生物群，因此人们考虑口腔细菌对呼吸道病毒感染的影响。唾液含有免疫分子，这些分子在生物防御机制中起一线作用，并且对呼吸道病毒感染的发生和发展有相当大的影响。据报道，唾液清除分子，如gp340和唾液酸，具有抗流感病毒活性。唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）具有获得针对这些病毒的免疫力的潜力。口腔的生物学特性被认为会以多种方式影响呼吸道器官中的病毒感染。在本综述中，我们回顾了有关口腔状况对病毒引起的呼吸道传染病影响的文献。
