Commisso Mauro, Bianconi Martino, Poletti Stefania, Negri Stefano, Munari Francesca, Ceoldo Stefania, Guzzo Flavia
Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Demethra Biotech Srl, Via dell'Innovazione, 1, Camisano Vicentino, 36043 Vicenza, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Apr 28;10(5):380. doi: 10.3390/biology10050380.
The false fruits of apple () and pear () are consumed all over the world, contributing to the dietary intake of health-promoting antioxidant phytochemicals. For example, polyphenols confer many beneficial effects (according to their chemical structure, bioavailability, and absorption efficiency in the gut) and the consumption of polyphenol-rich apple and pear fruits may therefore reduce the risk of some diseases. However, the content of such molecules is highly dependent on the specific fruit cultivar. To examine this metabolic diversity in detail, we used metabolomic analysis (NMR and HPLC-DAD/MS) to profile the metabolome of six apple and five pear cultivars. We also determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts (FRAP assay) and correlated this with the metabolomic composition and abundance of specific metabolites. We observed the cultivar-specific accumulation of sugars, amino acids, malic acid, and various polyphenols, which was also related to the growing season for some cultivars. We found that the ancient Italian apple Pom Prussian was enriched for chlorogenic acid as well as more characteristic polyphenols (phloretin derivatives), the pear cultivar Abate Fetel was low in sucrose, and both cultivars displayed high in vitro antioxidant activity. These cultivars may, therefore, be particularly attractive to health-conscious consumers.
苹果（）和梨（）的假果在世界各地都有食用，有助于促进健康的抗氧化植物化学物质的膳食摄入。例如，多酚具有许多有益作用（根据其化学结构、生物利用度和在肠道中的吸收效率），因此食用富含多酚的苹果和梨果实可能会降低某些疾病的风险。然而，这些分子的含量高度依赖于特定的水果品种。为了详细研究这种代谢多样性，我们使用代谢组学分析（核磁共振和高效液相色谱 - 二极管阵列检测/质谱联用）对六个苹果品种和五个梨品种的代谢组进行了分析。我们还测定了提取物的抗氧化能力（铁还原抗氧化能力测定法），并将其与代谢组组成和特定代谢物的丰度相关联。我们观察到糖、氨基酸、苹果酸和各种多酚在品种间的特异性积累，这对于一些品种来说也与生长季节有关。我们发现古老的意大利苹果品种Pom Prussian富含绿原酸以及更具特色的多酚（根皮素衍生物），梨品种Abate Fetel蔗糖含量低，并且这两个品种都表现出较高的体外抗氧化活性。因此，这些品种可能对注重健康的消费者特别有吸引力。
