Centre for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 27;22(9):4557. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094557.
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a challenging clinical event in medicine, particularly because of its ability to present with a variety of phenotypes including that of autoimmune hepatitis or other immune mediated liver injuries. Limited diagnostic and therapeutic tools are available, mostly because its pathogenesis has remained poorly understood for decades. The recent scientific and technological advancements in genomics and immunology are paving the way for a better understanding of the molecular aspects of DILI. This review provides an updated overview of the genetic predisposition and immunological mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of DILI and presents the state-of-the-art experimental models to study DILI at the pre-clinical level.
药物性肝损伤（DILI）是医学领域极具挑战性的临床事件，特别是因为其能够表现出多种表型，包括自身免疫性肝炎或其他免疫介导的肝损伤。目前可用的诊断和治疗工具非常有限，主要是因为其发病机制几十年来仍未被充分了解。基因组学和免疫学的最新科学技术进步正在为更好地理解 DILI 的分子方面铺平道路。本综述提供了 DILI 发病机制背后遗传易感性和免疫学机制的最新概述，并介绍了用于在临床前水平研究 DILI 的最先进的实验模型。
