Qu Guanlin, Li Yan, Chen Lu, Chen Qin, Zou Duohong, Yang Chi, Zhou Qing
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Stem Cells Int. 2021 Apr 7;2021:6631905. doi: 10.1155/2021/6631905. eCollection 2021.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become promising candidates for regeneration medicine due to their multidifferentiation potential and immunomodulatory ability. Compared with classic MSCs derived from the bone marrow and fat, dental-derived MSCs show high plasticity, accessibility, and applicability. Therefore, they are considered alternative sources for regeneration medicine.
Four types of MSCs were isolated from the dental pulp, periodontal ligament, dental follicle, and alveolar bone of the same donor, and there were five different individuals. We analyzed their morphology, immunophenotype, proliferation rate, apoptosis, trilineage differentiation potential, and the gene expression during osteogenic differentiation.
Our research demonstrated that DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs and ABMMSCs exhibited similar morphology and immunophenotype. DFPCs showed a higher rate of proliferation and apoptosis. When cultured in the trilineage differentiation medium, all types of MSCs presented the differentiation potential of osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis. Through staining and genetic analysis during osteogenic induction, ABMMSCs and PDLSCs showed the highest osteogenic ability, followed by DPSCs, and DFPCs were the lowest.
Overall, our results indicated that different dental-derived stem cells possessed different biological characteristics. For bone tissue engineering, ABMMSCs and PDLSCs can be used as optimal candidates of seed cells.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其多向分化潜能和免疫调节能力，已成为再生医学领域颇具前景的候选细胞。与源自骨髓和脂肪的经典MSCs相比，牙源性MSCs具有高度可塑性、易获取性和适用性。因此，它们被视为再生医学的替代细胞来源。
从同一供体的牙髓、牙周膜、牙囊和牙槽骨中分离出四种类型的MSCs，共有五个不同个体。我们分析了它们的形态、免疫表型、增殖率、凋亡情况、三系分化潜能以及成骨分化过程中的基因表达。
我们的研究表明，牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）、牙周膜干细胞（PDLSCs）、牙囊细胞（DFPCs）和牙槽骨间充质干细胞（ABMMSCs）表现出相似的形态和免疫表型。DFPCs显示出较高的增殖率和凋亡率。当在三系分化培养基中培养时，所有类型的MSCs均呈现出成骨、成脂和成软骨的分化潜能。通过成骨诱导过程中的染色和基因分析，ABMMSCs和PDLSCs表现出最高的成骨能力，其次是DPSCs，而DFPCs最低。
总体而言，我们的结果表明不同的牙源性干细胞具有不同的生物学特性。对于骨组织工程，ABMMSCs和PDLSCs可作为种子细胞的最佳候选者。
