Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Pesticide residues); Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Food Safety, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, China.
Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, China.
J Food Sci. 2021 May;86(5):2145-2162. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.15724. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
In this work, the occurrence of 34 common antibiotic (15 sulfonamides and 19 quinolones) residues were evaluated in 236 ready-to-eat duck eggs (salted and preserved duck eggs) marketed through e-commerce stores by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, and subsequent dietary risk assessments for Chinese consumers were conducted. Among violated positives in duck egg samples, 11 analytes were found including sulfamethazine, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfamonomethoxine, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, flumequine, sarafloxacin, and nalidixic acid. A higher number of antibiotics were detected in salted duck eggs (five sulfonamides and six quinolones) than in preserved duck eggs (one sulfonamide and two quinolones). The maximum contamination of sulfonamides and quniolones was 448.0 µg/kg (sulfaquinoxaline) and 563.7 µg/kg (enrofloxacin) in salted duck eggs, respectively. Dietary exposure was evaluated through the estimated daily intake (EDI) of risky antibiotics (sulfamethazine, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin) and hazard quotients (HQs). The results showed that EDIs and HQs were in the range of 0.0004 to 0.0099 µg/kg bw/day and 0.0009 to 0.1594%, respectively. The risk was low since HQs obtained were less than 100%. However, a special attention should be paid to ready-to-eat duck egg products high percentile consumers with the prosperity of e-commerce market in China. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The present analytical method could be used for multiresidue determination of antibiotics in ready-to-eat duck eggs, and dietary risk assessments of risky antibiotics provided a support for the work of regulatory bodies to conduct surveillance programs regarding food safety evaluation of ready-to-eat foods.
本工作采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测了电商平台销售的 236 批次即食鸭蛋（咸蛋和皮蛋）中 34 种常见抗生素（15 种磺胺类和 19 种喹诺酮类）残留情况，并对中国消费者进行了饮食风险评估。在鸭蛋样品中发现 11 种违规阳性，包括磺胺嘧啶、磺胺喹噁啉、磺胺甲噁唑、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星、氟甲喹、沙拉沙星和萘啶酸。盐腌鸭蛋中检出的抗生素种类多于皮蛋（盐腌鸭蛋中检出 5 种磺胺类和 6 种喹诺酮类，皮蛋中检出 1 种磺胺类和 2 种喹诺酮类）。磺胺类和喹诺酮类的最大污染浓度分别为 448.0μg/kg（磺胺喹噁啉）和 563.7μg/kg（恩诺沙星）。通过对有风险的抗生素（磺胺嘧啶、环丙沙星和恩诺沙星）的估计每日摄入量（EDI）和危害系数（HQ）进行饮食暴露评估。结果表明，EDIs 和 HQs 分别在 0.0004-0.0099μg/kg bw/day 和 0.0009-0.1594%的范围内。由于 HQs 小于 100%，风险较低。然而，随着中国电商市场的繁荣，对于高百分比消费者的即食鸭蛋产品应特别关注。实际应用：本分析方法可用于即食鸭蛋中抗生素的多残留检测，有风险的抗生素的饮食风险评估为监管机构开展即食食品安全评价监测工作提供了支持。
