Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
J Laryngol Otol. 2021 Sep;135(9):773-778. doi: 10.1017/S0022215121001225. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 uses angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 as a primary receptor for invasion. This study investigated angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 expression in the sinonasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, as this could be linked to a susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection.
Ethmoid sinus specimens were obtained from 27 patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis, 18 with non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and 18 controls. The angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and other inflammatory cytokine and chemokine messenger RNA levels were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 positive cells were examined immunohistologically.
The eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis patients showed a significant decrease in angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 messenger RNA expression. In the chronic rhinosinusitis patients, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 messenger RNA levels were positively correlated with tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β (r = 0.4971 and r = 0.3082, respectively), and negatively correlated with eotaxin-3 (r = -0.2938). Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 immunoreactivity was mainly localised in the ciliated epithelial cells.
Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis patients with type 2 inflammation showed decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 expression in their sinus mucosa. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 regulation was positively related to pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially tumour necrosis factor-α production, in chronic rhinosinusitis patients.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 利用血管紧张素转换酶-2 作为入侵的主要受体。本研究调查了慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者鼻黏膜中血管紧张素转换酶-2 的表达，因为这可能与对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 感染的易感性有关。
从 27 例嗜酸性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者、18 例非嗜酸性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者和 18 例对照者中获取筛窦标本。通过定量逆转录聚合酶链反应评估血管紧张素转换酶-2 和其他炎症细胞因子和趋化因子信使 RNA 水平。通过免疫组织化学检查血管紧张素转换酶-2 阳性细胞。
嗜酸性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的血管紧张素转换酶-2 信使 RNA 表达显著下降。在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者中，血管紧张素转换酶-2 信使 RNA 水平与肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-1β呈正相关（r = 0.4971 和 r = 0.3082），与 eotaxin-3 呈负相关（r = -0.2938）。血管紧张素转换酶-2 免疫反应性主要定位于纤毛上皮细胞。
2 型炎症的嗜酸性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的鼻窦黏膜中血管紧张素转换酶-2 表达减少。血管紧张素转换酶-2 的调节与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的促炎细胞因子，特别是肿瘤坏死因子-α的产生呈正相关。
