八段锦锻炼对中老年人群认知功能的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Effect of Baduanjin exercise on the cognitive function of middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; College of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.
出版信息
Complement Ther Med. 2021 Jun;59:102727. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102727. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
BACKGROUND
Age-related cognitive decline is a pervasive problem in the ageing population. Baduanjin training is a mind-body exercise with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, and increasing numbers of studies have reported its usefulness in modulating the cognitive performance of various populations. However, no systematic review has evaluated the effect of Baduanjin training on cognition in middle-aged and older adults.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically evaluate the effects of Baduanjin on the global cognitive function and specific cognitive domains of middle-aged and elderly people.
METHODS
Four literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, and Web of Science) and four Chinese databases (Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical and China Biology Medicine) were searched from inception through May 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of Baduanjin exercise on the cognitive function of middle-aged and elderly people were included. Assessment of the risk of bias for the included studies and data synthesis were conducted using the software Review Manager 5.3 based on the methods given in the Cochrane Handbook.
RESULTS
Baduanjin training showed significant benefit for global cognitive function and parts of specific domains of cognition, including general memory and its sub-domains (i.e., immediate memory and delayed memory), executive function, and processing speed, but no significant difference was found in attention function, visual-spatial ability or long-term memory (a sub-domain of memory). No related adverse events were reported in the included studies.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this review suggest that Baduanjin is safe and effective in enhancing global cognitive function and memory in middle-aged and older adults and potentially beneficial to parts of the other specific domains of cognition, including executive function and processing speed. However, additional trials with larger sample sizes and a more rigorous design are needed before more definitive conclusions can be drawn.
背景
与年龄相关的认知衰退是老年人群中普遍存在的问题。八段锦训练是一种具有中医特色的身心锻炼方法，越来越多的研究报告称其在调节各种人群的认知表现方面有用。然而，尚无系统评价评估八段锦训练对中年和老年人认知的影响。
目的
系统评价八段锦对中年和老年人整体认知功能和特定认知领域的影响。
方法
从建库至 2020 年 5 月，检索了 4 个英文文献数据库（PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、EMBASE 和 Web of Science）和 4 个中文数据库（万方、中国知网、中国科技期刊数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库）。纳入了评估八段锦锻炼对中年和老年人认知功能影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用 Review Manager 5.3 软件基于 Cochrane 手册中的方法评估纳入研究的偏倚风险并进行数据综合。
结果
八段锦训练对整体认知功能和部分特定认知领域具有显著益处，包括一般记忆及其子领域（即即时记忆和延迟记忆）、执行功能和处理速度，但在注意力功能、视觉空间能力或长期记忆（记忆的子领域）方面无显著差异。纳入研究中未报告相关不良事件。
结论
本综述的结果表明，八段锦安全有效，可增强中年和老年人的整体认知功能和记忆力，可能对执行功能和处理速度等其他特定认知领域的部分有益。然而，需要更多具有更大样本量和更严格设计的试验才能得出更明确的结论。
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