Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Res Vet Sci. 2021 Jul;137:77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.015. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
The One-Health approach highlights that the health of human populations is closely connected to the health of animals and their shared environment. Cryptosporidiosis is an opportunistic zoonotic disease considering as global public health concern. Cats are considered as one of potential host for transmitting the Cryptosporidium spp. infection to humans. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the overall and the subgroup-pooled prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. across studies, and the variance between studies (heterogeneity) were quantified by I index. Eighty articles (including 92 datasets), from 29 countries met eligibility criteria for analysis. The pooled global prevalence (95% CI) of Cryptosporidium spp. in cats was 6% (4-8%), being highest in Africa 14% (0-91%) and lowest in South and Central America 4% (3-7%) countries. Considering the detection methods, the pooled prevalence was estimated to be 26% (1-67%) using serological detection methods, 6% (3-10%) using coproantigen detection methods, 5% (3-7%) using molecular detection methods, and 4% (3-7%) using microscopic detection methods. The highest prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was found in stray cats 10% (5-17%), while pet (domestic) cats 4% (3-7%) had the lowest prevalence. These results emphasize the role of cats as reservoir hosts for human-infecting Cryptosporidium spp. Prevention and control of this zoonosis in cats should receive greater attention by health officials and health policymakers, especially in countries where prevalence are highest.
One-Health 方法强调，人类群体的健康与动物及其共同环境的健康密切相关。隐孢子虫病是一种机会性人畜共患病，被认为是全球公共卫生关注的问题。猫被认为是传播隐孢子虫属感染给人类的潜在宿主之一。采用随机效应荟萃分析模型来估计研究中隐孢子虫属的总体和亚组汇总流行率，并通过 I 指数量化研究之间的差异（异质性）。来自 29 个国家的 80 篇文章（包括 92 个数据集）符合分析的入选标准。猫中隐孢子虫属的全球汇总流行率（95%CI）为 6%（4-8%），在非洲最高为 14%（0-91%），在南美洲和中美洲最低为 4%（3-7%）。考虑到检测方法，使用血清学检测方法估计的汇总流行率为 26%（1-67%），使用粪便抗原检测方法为 6%（3-10%），使用分子检测方法为 5%（3-7%），使用显微镜检测方法为 4%（3-7%）。流浪猫中隐孢子虫属的流行率最高为 10%（5-17%），而宠物（家养）猫的流行率最低为 4%（3-7%）。这些结果强调了猫作为人类感染隐孢子虫属的储存宿主的作用。卫生官员和卫生政策制定者应更加重视预防和控制这种人畜共患病，特别是在流行率最高的国家。
