Mahdavi Farzad, Maleki Farajolah, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Asghari Ali, Mohammadi-Ghalehbin Behnam
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2024 Jul 11;36:e00235. doi: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2024.e00235. eCollection 2024 Sep.
This review analyzed reported data of prevalence in camels and the species/genotype distribution. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar) were screened, and studies published by April 1, 2024, were included. Total estimates and 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model. The weighted prevalence of spp. in 7372 camels examined from 12 different countries was estimated at 13.8% with a 95% CI of 10.3-18.4%. The sensitivity analysis based on excluding the individual studies did not result in significant statistical changes in the final weighted prevalence. Subgroup prevalence of spp. in camels was analyzed by publication year, continent, WHO region, country, camel type, sample size, diagnostic method, age, and gender. A significant publication bias ( < 0.05) was reported in the present study. Limitations encountered in this study encompassed: insufficient study diversity, reliance on single study results, inadequate molecular and serological studies in comparison to microscopic studies, etc., all of which could impact the findings. The study identified eight spp. in camels: , , , , , , , and . The first three species had pooled prevalence rates of 65.5%, 66%, and 19.2%, respectively. Each of the remaining five species was documented using a single dataset/study. Moreover, genotypes IIdA19G1, IIaA15G1R1, If-like-A15G2, IIdA15G1, IIaA15G2R1, IIaA17G2R1, and IIaA18G2R1 (), genotype IV (), genotype XIIa (), and genotype IkA19G1 () have been identified in camels globally. The findings suggest that camels can act as a source of infection for a variety of species/genotypes, and can therefore play a key role in disseminating this protozoan to humans and animals.
本综述分析了骆驼中的患病率报告数据以及物种/基因型分布情况。筛选了四个数据库（PubMed、科学网、Scopus、谷歌学术），纳入了截至2024年4月1日发表的研究。使用随机效应模型计算总体估计值和95%置信区间。在来自12个不同国家的7372头骆驼中检测到的某物种加权患病率估计为13.8%，95%置信区间为10.3 - 18.4%。基于排除个别研究的敏感性分析并未导致最终加权患病率出现显著的统计学变化。按发表年份、大陆、世卫组织区域、国家、骆驼类型、样本量、诊断方法、年龄和性别对骆驼中某物种的亚组患病率进行了分析。本研究报告了显著的发表偏倚（P < 0.05）。本研究遇到的局限性包括：研究多样性不足、依赖单一研究结果、与显微镜研究相比分子和血清学研究不足等，所有这些都可能影响研究结果。该研究在骆驼中鉴定出了8种某物种：[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]、[具体物种3]、[具体物种4]、[具体物种5]、[具体物种6]、[具体物种7]和[具体物种8]。前三个物种的合并患病率分别为65.5%、66%和19.2%。其余五个物种中的每一个都是通过单个数据集/研究记录的。此外，在全球骆驼中已鉴定出基因型IIdA19G1、IIaA15G1R1、If样 - A15G2、IIdA15G1、IIaA15G2R1、IIaA17G2R1和IIaA18G2R1（[具体物种]）、基因型IV（[具体物种]）、基因型XIIa（[具体物种]）和基因型IkA19G1（[具体物种]）。研究结果表明，骆驼可作为多种某物种/基因型的感染源，因此在将这种原生动物传播给人类和动物方面可发挥关键作用。
