膳食纤维缺乏作为与酒精使用障碍相关的营养不良的一个组成部分，与心理改变有关。

Dietary fiber deficiency as a component of malnutrition associated with psychological alterations in alcohol use disorder.

机构信息

Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.

Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.

出版信息

Clin Nutr. 2021 May;40(5):2673-2682. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.029. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.029

PMID:33933733

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Chronic alcohol consumption can cause malnutrition that may contribute to alcohol-induced organ injury and psychological disorders. We evaluated the link between nutrient intake, especially dietary fibers (DF) and different parameters reflecting mental health and well being, namely anxiety, depression, alcohol craving, sociability, fatigue and intestinal comfort in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients.

METHODS

Cross-sectional data from 50 AUD patients, hospitalized for a 3-week detoxification program were used. Three 24-h recalls allowed to calculate dietary habits and nutrient intakes, that was also assessed in healthy subjects (HS). Diet quality was measured using the NOVA score. Psychological factors and intestinal discomfort were evaluated using validated self-administered questionnaires.

RESULTS

Energy intake (excluding alcoholic beverage), total fat, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protein and DF intakes were lower in AUD subjects compared to HS. Ninety percent of patients had a DF intake below the recommendation. AUD patients consumed more than twice as much ultra-processed food than HS. Fructan intake was negatively associated with anxiety (p = 0.04) adjusted for main confounders. Total DF, insoluble, soluble DF and galacto-oligosaccharide intakes were associated with higher sociability score. Soluble DF intake was associated with better satisfaction of bowel function (p = 0.02) and a lower intestinal discomfort (p = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS

This study reveals that insufficient DF intake is part of AUD-related malnutrition syndrome, and is associated with higher anxiety, lower sociability score and intestinal discomfort. Our results suggest that an adequate intake of DF might be beneficial for recovery from AUD.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

NCT03803709, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03803709.

摘要

背景与目的

慢性酒精摄入可导致营养不良，这可能导致酒精引起的器官损伤和心理障碍。我们评估了营养摄入（尤其是膳食纤维）与反映心理健康和幸福感的不同参数（包括焦虑、抑郁、酒精渴求、社交能力、疲劳和肠道舒适度）之间的关系，这些参数在酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者中。

方法

我们使用了 50 名 AUD 患者的横断面数据，这些患者因为期 3 周的解毒计划住院。通过 3 次 24 小时回顾性饮食调查来计算饮食习惯和营养素摄入量，同时还评估了健康受试者（HS）的情况。采用 NOVA 评分来衡量饮食质量。使用经过验证的自我管理问卷评估心理因素和肠道不适。

结果

与 HS 相比，AUD 患者的能量摄入（不包括酒精饮料）、总脂肪、单不饱和脂肪和多不饱和脂肪、蛋白质和膳食纤维摄入量较低。90%的患者膳食纤维摄入量低于推荐量。AUD 患者食用的超加工食品比 HS 多两倍以上。在调整主要混杂因素后，膳食纤维摄入量与焦虑呈负相关（p=0.04）。总膳食纤维、不溶性膳食纤维、可溶性膳食纤维和半乳糖寡糖的摄入量与更高的社交能力评分相关。可溶性膳食纤维摄入量与更好的肠道功能满意度相关（p=0.02），与更低的肠道不适相关（p=0.04）。