School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Water Res. 2021 Jun 15;198:117144. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117144. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
In recent years, the ubiquitous detection and accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in the aquatic environment have raised significant concerns on water security and long-term ecological impacts all around the world. Nevertheless, critical reviews on strategic control and effective remediation of MPs in the aqueous phase are still lacking. In this work, we summarise the origins and types of MPs, and then introduce the methodologies for extraction, identification and quantification. More importantly, we for the first time provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the emerging MPs removal and transformation technologies. Except for biodegradation, this review presents new applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for MPs degradation and utilisation, including photocatalysis, photoreforming and Fenton-like reactions. Physical or catalytic thermal treatment can transform plastics into value-added nanocarbons or hydrocarbons. These transformation technologies demonstrate great potentials in dealing with MPs. The review will guide researchers to further explore the feasible approaches and develop new strategies for advanced control and remediation of MPs in the future.
近年来，微塑料（MPs）在水环境中的普遍检测和积累引起了全世界对水安全和长期生态影响的高度关注。然而，对于水相中 MPs 的战略控制和有效修复的批判性评价仍然缺乏。在这项工作中，我们总结了 MPs 的来源和类型，然后介绍了提取、识别和定量的方法。更重要的是，我们首次全面概述了新兴的 MPs 去除和转化技术的最新进展。除了生物降解，本综述还介绍了高级氧化工艺（AOPs）在 MPs 降解和利用方面的新应用，包括光催化、光重整和类 Fenton 反应。物理或催化热处理可以将塑料转化为增值纳米碳或碳氢化合物。这些转化技术在处理 MPs 方面显示出巨大的潜力。该综述将指导研究人员进一步探索可行的方法，并为未来先进控制和修复 MPs 开发新策略。
