Gurklis J A, Menke E M
College of Nursing, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Nurs Res. 1988 Jul-Aug;37(4):236-9, 248.
To explore relationships among treatment-related stressors, coping methods, and length of time on hemodialysis the Baldree, Murphy, and Powers (1982) study was replicated. Sixty-eight subjects completed the Hemodialysis Stressor Scale and the Jalowiec Coping Scale. Although Baldree et al. reported no significant difference in ratings of physiological and psychosocial stressors, results of this study showed that physiological stressors were more troublesome than psychosocial stressors, t = 10.85, p less than .0001. Subjects used problem-oriented coping more often than affective methods to handle stress, t = 10.93, p less than .0001, supporting the Baldree et al. findings. The results did not duplicate previous study findings of no significant relationships between stressor and coping scores. Total hemodialysis stressor scores were related to total coping scores, r = .43, and physiological stressors to affective coping, r = .38. However, psychosocial stressors were associated with affective-oriented, r = .43, and problem-oriented coping, r = .33. Length of time of hemodialysis was associated with problem-oriented coping, r = .26.
为了探究与治疗相关的压力源、应对方法以及血液透析时长之间的关系，我们重复了鲍尔德雷、墨菲和鲍尔斯（1982年）的研究。68名受试者完成了血液透析压力源量表和贾洛维茨应对量表。尽管鲍尔德雷等人报告称生理和心理社会压力源的评分没有显著差异，但本研究结果显示，生理压力源比心理社会压力源更棘手，t = 10.85，p小于0.0001。受试者使用以问题为导向的应对方式处理压力的频率高于情感应对方式，t = 10.93，p小于0.0001，这支持了鲍尔德雷等人的研究结果。研究结果并未重复之前关于压力源与应对得分之间无显著关系的研究发现。血液透析压力源总分与应对总分相关，r = 0.43，生理压力源与情感应对相关，r = 0.38。然而，心理社会压力源与以情感为导向的应对相关，r = 0.43，与以问题为导向的应对相关，r = 0.33。血液透析时长与以问题为导向的应对相关，r = 0.26。
