Gjindali Armida, Herrmann Helena A, Schwartz Jean-Marc, Johnson Giles N, Calzadilla Pablo I
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Apr 14;12:668512. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.668512. eCollection 2021.
Plants in natural environments receive light through sunflecks, the duration and distribution of these being highly variable across the day. Consequently, plants need to adjust their photosynthetic processes to avoid photoinhibition and maximize yield. Changes in the composition of the photosynthetic apparatus in response to sustained changes in the environment are referred to as photosynthetic acclimation, a process that involves changes in protein content and composition. Considering this definition, acclimation differs from regulation, which involves processes that alter the activity of individual proteins over short-time periods, without changing the abundance of those proteins. The interconnection and overlapping of the short- and long-term photosynthetic responses, which can occur simultaneously or/and sequentially over time, make the study of long-term acclimation to fluctuating light in plants challenging. In this review we identify short-term responses of plants to fluctuating light that could act as sensors and signals for acclimation responses, with the aim of understanding how plants integrate environmental fluctuations over time and tailor their responses accordingly. Mathematical modeling has the potential to integrate physiological processes over different timescales and to help disentangle short-term regulatory responses from long-term acclimation responses. We review existing mathematical modeling techniques for studying photosynthetic responses to fluctuating light and propose new methods for addressing the topic from a holistic point of view.
自然环境中的植物通过光斑接受光照，光斑的持续时间和分布在一天中变化很大。因此，植物需要调整其光合作用过程，以避免光抑制并最大化产量。光合机构组成随环境持续变化而发生的改变被称为光合适应，这一过程涉及蛋白质含量和组成的变化。根据这个定义，适应不同于调节，调节是指在短时间内改变单个蛋白质活性而不改变其丰度的过程。短期和长期光合反应相互关联且相互重叠，它们可能随时间同时或/和相继发生，这使得研究植物对波动光照的长期适应具有挑战性。在这篇综述中，我们确定了植物对波动光照的短期反应，这些反应可能作为适应反应的传感器和信号，目的是了解植物如何随时间整合环境波动并相应地调整其反应。数学建模有潜力整合不同时间尺度上的生理过程，并有助于区分短期调节反应和长期适应反应。我们综述了现有的用于研究光合对波动光照反应的数学建模技术，并从整体角度提出了解决该主题的新方法。
