Nataraj Basavaprabhu H, Shivanna Sonu K, Rao Prabha, Nagpal Ravinder, Behare Pradip V
Technofunctional Starters Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC), Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India.
Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India.
Food Sci Biotechnol. 2020 Sep 16;30(4):487-496. doi: 10.1007/s10068-020-00818-3. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Over the years, the attempts to elucidate the role of beneficial microorganisms in shaping human health are becoming fairly apparent. The functional impact conferred by such microbes is not only transmitted by viable cells or their metabolites but also through non-viable cells. Extensive research to unveil the protective action of such wonder bugs has resulted in categorizing the beneficial microflora and their bioactive metabolites into a variety of functional biotic concepts based on their intended applications in various forms. In the modern era, these are often termed as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, next-generation probiotics, psychobiotics, oncobiotics, pharmabiotics, and metabiotics. Currently, the concept of traditional probiotics is being widened to include microbes beyond lactic acid bacteria. Indeed, this diversification has broadened the functional food portfolio from food to pharmaceuticals. In this context, the present review aims to summarize the existing biotic concepts and their differences thereof.
多年来，阐明有益微生物在塑造人类健康中所起作用的尝试已变得相当明显。此类微生物所赋予的功能影响不仅通过活细胞或其代谢产物传递，还通过非活细胞传递。为揭示这些神奇微生物的保护作用而进行的广泛研究，已根据其在各种形式中的预期应用，将有益微生物群及其生物活性代谢产物归类为多种功能性生物概念。在现代，这些通常被称为益生菌、益生元、合生元、后生元、下一代益生菌、精神益生菌、肿瘤益生菌、药物益生菌和代谢益生菌。目前，传统益生菌的概念正在扩大，以纳入乳酸菌以外的微生物。事实上，这种多样化已将功能性食品组合从食品扩展到了药品。在此背景下，本综述旨在总结现有的生物概念及其差异。
