Numa Pompilio Castro-González, Francisco Calderón-Sánchez, Marco Tulio Fuentes de María-Torres, Sergio Samuel Silva-Morales, Fernanda Eliza González-Juárez
Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Benemerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, A.V. Universidad s/n San Juan Acateno Teziutlan, Puebla, México.
Colegio de Postgraduados Campus-Puebla, Boulevard Forjadores de Puebla, Puebla, México.
Heliyon. 2021 Apr 15;7(4):e06693. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06693. eCollection 2021 Apr.
The aim of this work was to determine the content of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), strontium (Sr) and thallio (Tl) in blood, milk and urine from cows fed forage irrigated with sewage water and cultivated in the vicinity of the Popocatépetl volcano and determine the rate of transfer of these elements from blood to milk and urine. Digestion was performed in a microwave oven (CEM-MarsX). The determination was made using an ICP -OES. The Cd in the blood was significantly higher than in milk and urine. The Cr in the blood was higher than in the urine. In milk the content of Pb and Cu was significantly higher than in blood. Sr and Tl concentration in the urine was higher than that detected in milk and blood and Pb in blood. Milk transfer Index revealed a significant difference in relation to the TI values found in the urine and only in the case of Cu in milk was TI > 1. In urine, the values found of Sr and Tl were higher than milk TI. It is concluded that when metals are ingested by cows in fodder, they are easily transferred to milk and urine through the blood. Presence of heavy metals in the different matrices determines the degree of environmental and trofic chain contamination with which we can consider the cow a biomarker.
这项工作的目的是测定用污水灌溉且在波波卡特佩特火山附近种植的草料喂养的奶牛的血液、牛奶和尿液中铅（Pb）、铬（Cr）、镉（Cd）、砷（As）、铜（Cu）、锶（Sr）和铊（Tl）的含量，并确定这些元素从血液到牛奶和尿液的转移率。消化过程在微波炉（CEM-MarsX）中进行。使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP -OES）进行测定。血液中的镉含量显著高于牛奶和尿液中的镉含量。血液中的铬含量高于尿液中的铬含量。牛奶中的铅和铜含量显著高于血液中的含量。尿液中的锶和铊浓度高于牛奶和血液中检测到的浓度以及血液中的铅含量。牛奶转移指数显示，与尿液中的转移指数值存在显著差异，且仅牛奶中铜的转移指数大于1。在尿液中，锶和铊的值高于牛奶转移指数。得出的结论是，当奶牛通过饲料摄入金属时，它们很容易通过血液转移到牛奶和尿液中。不同基质中重金属的存在决定了环境和营养链的污染程度，据此我们可以将奶牛视为一种生物标志物。
