Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557-0258, USA.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557-0258, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 15;773:145655. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145655. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
The combination of ozonation (O) and biofiltration processes has become practical and desirable in advanced water reclamation for water reuse applications. However, the role of microbial community and its characteristics (source, abundance, composition, viability, structure) on treatment performance has not received the same attention in water reclamation biofilters as in other applications, such as in drinking water biofilters. Microbial community characterization of biofilters used in water reuse applications will add evidence to better understand the potential microorganisms, consequent risks, and mechanisms that will populate drinking water sources and ultimately influence public health and the environment. This critical review provides insights into O-biofiltration as a treatment barrier with a focus on development, structure, and composition of the microbial community characteristics involved in the process. The effect of microorganism seeding by the influent before and after the biofilter and ozone oxidation effects are explored to capture the microbial ecology interactions and environmental factors affecting the media ecosystem. The findings of reviewed studies concurred in identifying Proteobacteria as the most dominant phylum. However, Proteobacteria and other phyla relative abundance differ substantially depending upon environmental factors (e.g., pH, temperature, nutrients availability, among others) gradients. In general, we found significant gaps to relate and explain the biodegradation performance and metabolic processes within the biofilter, and hence deserve future attention. We highlighted and identified key challenges and future research ideas to assure O-biofiltration reliability as a promising barrier in advanced water treatment applications.
臭氧化和生物过滤工艺的结合在高级水回用中对于水再利用应用已经变得实际可行。然而，微生物群落及其特征（来源、丰度、组成、活性、结构）对处理性能的作用在水回用生物滤器中并没有像在其他应用中（如饮用水生物滤器）那样受到同样的关注。对用于水再利用应用的生物滤器中的微生物群落进行特征描述将为更好地了解潜在微生物、随之而来的风险以及将在饮用水源中繁殖并最终影响公共健康和环境的机制提供证据。本批判性评论提供了有关 O-生物过滤作为处理屏障的见解，重点是涉及该过程的微生物群落特征的发展、结构和组成。探讨了在生物滤器前后通过进水接种微生物和臭氧氧化的效果，以捕捉影响介质生态系统的微生物生态相互作用和环境因素。回顾研究的结果一致表明，变形菌门是最占优势的门。然而，变形菌门和其他门的相对丰度根据环境因素（例如 pH 值、温度、营养物质可用性等）梯度而有很大差异。总的来说，我们发现有很大的差距需要去关联和解释生物滤器内的生物降解性能和代谢过程，因此值得未来关注。我们强调并确定了关键挑战和未来的研究思路，以确保 O-生物过滤作为高级水处理应用中一种有前途的屏障的可靠性。
