Wemken Gesa, Janurek Janina, Junker Nina Mareen, Häusser Jan Alexander
Department of Social Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2021 May;13(2):419-436. doi: 10.1111/aphw.12257. Epub 2021 May 4.
We extended the job demand-control model by including a social comparison perspective and hypothesised that an employee's work-related well-being is to some degree relative to the perceived work environment of coworkers rather than absolute (in terms of isolated effects of individual work characteristics). Hence, we account for the social context when examining the effects of individual job characteristics. Using a lagged study design with two measurement times eight weeks apart, we examined the effects of the (in)congruence between one´s own job demands and job control with the perceived job demands and job control of coworkers on job satisfaction, emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficiency. Findings from polynomial regression analyses and response surface methodology revealed that perceiving coworkers as having either higher or lower demands than oneself is associated with lower job satisfaction and higher levels of emotional exhaustion. This provides partial support for our hypotheses. We found first-time evidence that social comparison processes regarding job demands can influence employees´ well-being.
我们通过纳入社会比较视角扩展了工作需求-控制模型，并假设员工的工作幸福感在某种程度上是相对于同事所感知的工作环境而言的，而非绝对的（就个体工作特征的孤立影响而言）。因此，我们在考察个体工作特征的影响时考虑了社会背景。我们采用了间隔八周的两个测量时间点的滞后研究设计，考察了自身工作需求与工作控制与同事所感知的工作需求和工作控制之间的（不）匹配对工作满意度、情感耗竭、玩世不恭和专业效率的影响。多项式回归分析和响应面分析方法的结果表明，认为同事的需求高于或低于自己会导致工作满意度降低和情感耗竭程度升高。这为我们的假设提供了部分支持。我们首次发现有证据表明，关于工作需求的社会比较过程会影响员工的幸福感。
