Benou Sofia, Dimitriou Gabriel, Papaevangelou Vassiliki, Gkentzi Despoina
Department of Paediatrics, Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece.
Third Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, University General Hospital ATTIKON, Chaidari, Greece.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(25):6566-6575. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1918088. Epub 2021 May 4.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection worldwide causing serious morbidity in newborns, infants, and children. Despite the clinical importance of congenital CMV (cCMV), studies conducted so far conclude that there is limited awareness in both the medical community and public of cCMV infection. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the knowledge and awareness of cCMV among pregnant women and healthcare providers during the last decade.
A literature search was performed in PubMed and Scopus, including studies published between 2011 and 2020. Eligibility criteria included articles focusing on either pregnant women or healthcare providers and reporting data about cCMV awareness. We included cross-sectional and interventional studies. Study quality was assessed using the Study Quality Assessment Tools by National Institute of Health.
Overall, 23 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 13 studies referred to pregnant women and 10 to healthcare providers. A total of 6521 pregnant women and 3609 healthcare providers were included. The level of awareness of pregnant women about cCMV was low to moderate. However, pregnant women showed willingness to adopt hygiene strategies following interventional-educational practices. Concurrently, awareness among healthcare providers varied depending on the specialty. Nonetheless, a great proportion admitted feeling inadequate in advising pregnant women for cCMV screening and prevention.
The role of healthcare providers in growing awareness among pregnant women is of paramount importance. Due to the lack of an effective vaccine as yet, education of women regarding hygiene measures is currently the best strategy to prevent cCMV disease.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）是全球先天性感染最常见的病因，可导致新生儿、婴儿和儿童出现严重发病情况。尽管先天性巨细胞病毒（cCMV）具有临床重要性，但迄今为止开展的研究得出结论，医学界和公众对cCMV感染的认识都很有限。本系统评价的目的是评估过去十年中孕妇和医疗保健提供者对cCMV的知识和认识。
在PubMed和Scopus中进行文献检索，包括2011年至2020年发表的研究。纳入标准包括聚焦于孕妇或医疗保健提供者并报告有关cCMV认识数据的文章。我们纳入了横断面研究和干预性研究。使用美国国立卫生研究院的研究质量评估工具对研究质量进行评估。
总体而言，23项研究符合纳入标准，13项研究涉及孕妇，10项涉及医疗保健提供者。总共纳入了6521名孕妇和3609名医疗保健提供者。孕妇对cCMV的认识水平为低到中等。然而，孕妇在接受干预性教育后表现出采取卫生策略的意愿。同时，医疗保健提供者的认识因专业而异。尽管如此，很大一部分人承认在为孕妇提供cCMV筛查和预防建议时感到能力不足。
医疗保健提供者在提高孕妇认识方面的作用至关重要。由于目前尚无有效的疫苗，对女性进行卫生措施教育是目前预防cCMV疾病的最佳策略。
