Pola J, Valdivieso R, Zapata C, Moneo I, Duce F, Larrad L, Losada E
Servicio de Alergia, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1988 Mar-Apr;16(2):105-7.
Hypersensitivity to cockroach antigen has been recognized as an important cause of perennial allergic rhinitis and asthma. To assess the frequency of cockroach hypersensitivity in our country, 150 asthmatic atopic subjects were studied using skin testing and in vitro assays for cockroach-specific IgE antibodies (Oriental and German cockroaches). Twenty-two of 61 patients who had a positive history of cockroach exposure had positive skin tests, and only 3 of 89 patients who had no history of exposure had positive skin reactions. Of 25 patients with positive skin tests, 23 showed specific IgE antibodies against oriental and German cockroaches using RAST and EIA techniques. In summary, approximately 15% of asthmatic atopics in Madrid area are sensitive to cockroaches (positive skin test + specific IgE antibodies). These results indicate that cockroach hypersensitivity should be considered in every patient with perennial asthma.
对蟑螂抗原过敏已被公认为常年性变应性鼻炎和哮喘的重要病因。为评估我国蟑螂过敏的发生率，我们采用皮肤试验和针对蟑螂特异性IgE抗体（东方蟑螂和德国蟑螂）的体外检测方法，对150例患有哮喘的特应性受试者进行了研究。61例有蟑螂接触史的患者中，22例皮肤试验呈阳性，而89例无接触史的患者中只有3例出现阳性皮肤反应。在25例皮肤试验阳性的患者中，23例使用放射性变应原吸附试验（RAST）和酶免疫分析（EIA）技术显示出针对东方蟑螂和德国蟑螂的特异性IgE抗体。总之，马德里地区约15%的哮喘特应性患者对蟑螂敏感（皮肤试验阳性 + 特异性IgE抗体）。这些结果表明，对于每一位常年性哮喘患者都应考虑蟑螂过敏的可能性。
