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饮料中真菌毒素的评估及其控制措施。

Critical Assessment of Mycotoxins in Beverages and Their Control Measures.

机构信息

SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.

Department of Agro Product Processing Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh.

出版信息

Toxins (Basel). 2021 Apr 30;13(5):323. doi: 10.3390/toxins13050323.

Abstract

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of filamentous fungi that contaminate food products such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, beverages, and other agricultural commodities. Their occurrence in the food chain, especially in beverages, can pose a serious risk to human health, due to their toxicity, even at low concentrations. Mycotoxins, such as aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), patulin (PAT), fumonisins (FBs), trichothecenes (TCs), zearalenone (ZEN), and the alternaria toxins including alternariol, altenuene, and alternariol methyl ether have largely been identified in fruits and their derived products, such as beverages and drinks. The presence of mycotoxins in beverages is of high concern in some cases due to their levels being higher than the limits set by regulations. This review aims to summarize the toxicity of the major mycotoxins that occur in beverages, the methods available for their detection and quantification, and the strategies for their control. In addition, some novel techniques for controlling mycotoxins in the postharvest stage are highlighted.

摘要

真菌毒素是丝状真菌的次生代谢物,会污染水果、蔬菜、谷物、饮料和其他农产品等食品。由于真菌毒素的毒性,即使在低浓度下,其在食物链中的存在,特别是在饮料中存在,会对人类健康构成严重威胁。在水果及其衍生产品(如饮料和饮品)中,已大量鉴定出真菌毒素,如黄曲霉毒素(AFs)、赭曲霉毒素 A(OTA)、棒曲霉素(PAT)、伏马菌素(FBs)、单端孢霉烯族化合物(TCs)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和交链孢霉毒素,包括交链孢酚、交链孢酮和交链孢酚甲醚。在某些情况下,由于饮料中真菌毒素的含量高于法规规定的限量,因此其存在受到高度关注。本综述旨在总结存在于饮料中的主要真菌毒素的毒性、其检测和定量的现有方法,以及其控制策略。此外,还强调了一些用于控制收获后阶段真菌毒素的新技术。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/afb3/8145492/0d7e638b0827/toxins-13-00323-g001.jpg

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