School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(26):7370-7394. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1913989. Epub 2021 May 6.
Capsiate is a non-pungent analogue of capsaicin. It belongs to the family of capsinoids which are esters of vanillyl alcohol with fatty acids while capsaicin belongs to the family of capsaicinoids that are amides of vanillylamine with a variety of branched-chain fatty acids. While capsaicin is extensively reported for plethora of pharmacological actions, capsiate remains much less explored. Extracted from various species of Capsicum plant, the molecule has also been chemically synthesized via a number of synthetic and enzymatic routes. Based on its action on transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 receptors, recent research has focused on its potential roles in treatment of obesity, metabolic disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disorders and gastro-intestinal disorders. Its toxicity profile has been reported to be much safe. The molecule, however, faces the challenge of low aqueous solubility and stability. It has been commercialized for its use as a weight loss supplement. However, the therapeutic potential of the compound which is much beyond boosting metabolism remains unexplored hitherto. This comprehensive review summarizes the studies demonstrating the therapeutic potential of capsiate in various pathological conditions. Discussed also are potential future directions for formulation strategies to develop efficient, safe and cost-effective dosage forms of capsiate to explore its role in various disease conditions. The databases investigated include Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, Pubmed and in-house databases. The search terms were "capsiate," "capsinoids," "thermogenesis," and their combinations. The articles were screened for relevance by going through their abstract. All the articles pertaining to physicochemical, physiological, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of capsiate have been included in the manuscript.
辣椒素是一种无刺激性的辣椒素类似物。它属于辣椒素类，是香草醇与脂肪酸的酯，而辣椒素属于辣椒素类，是各种支链脂肪酸与香草胺的酰胺。虽然辣椒素有广泛的药理作用，但辣椒素的研究仍然很少。这种分子从各种辣椒属植物中提取出来，也可以通过多种合成和酶促途径进行化学合成。基于其对瞬时受体电位香草醛亚家族成员 1 受体的作用，最近的研究集中在其在治疗肥胖症、代谢紊乱、癌症、心血管疾病和胃肠道疾病方面的潜在作用上。据报道，它的毒性特征要安全得多。然而，这种分子面临着水溶性和稳定性低的挑战。它已被商业化用于减肥补充剂。然而，这种化合物在促进新陈代谢方面的治疗潜力远未被探索。这篇综述总结了表明辣椒素在各种病理条件下具有治疗潜力的研究。还讨论了未来的制剂策略方向，以开发高效、安全和具有成本效益的辣椒素剂型，探索其在各种疾病中的作用。调查的数据库包括 Cochrane 图书馆、Medline、Embase、Pubmed 和内部数据库。通过阅读摘要来筛选与相关性。所有与辣椒素的物理化学、生理、药理和治疗作用有关的文章都包含在本文中。
