Butsch Tyler J, Ghosh Bhaswati, Bohnert K Adam
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, 220 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Adv Geriatr Med Res. 2021;3(2). doi: 10.20900/agmr20210010. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
The health of a cell requires proper functioning, regulation, and quality control of its organelles, the membrane-enclosed compartments inside the cell that carry out its essential biochemical tasks. Aging commonly perturbs organelle homeostasis, causing problems to cellular health that can spur the initiation and progression of degenerative diseases and related pathologies. Here, we discuss emerging evidence indicating that age-related defects in organelle homeostasis stem in part from dysfunction of the autophagy-lysosome system, a pivotal player in cellular quality control and damage clearance. We also highlight natural examples from biology where enhanced activity of the autophagy-lysosome system might be harnessed to erase age-related organelle damage, raising potential implications for cellular rejuvenation.
细胞的健康需要其细胞器正常运作、调节和质量控制，细胞器是细胞内被膜包裹的区室，执行其基本的生化任务。衰老通常会扰乱细胞器的稳态，给细胞健康带来问题，进而可能促使退行性疾病及相关病理状况的发生和发展。在此，我们讨论新出现的证据，这些证据表明细胞器稳态中与年龄相关的缺陷部分源于自噬 - 溶酶体系统功能障碍，该系统是细胞质量控制和损伤清除的关键参与者。我们还强调了生物学中的自然实例，即自噬 - 溶酶体系统增强的活性可能被利用来消除与年龄相关的细胞器损伤，这对细胞年轻化具有潜在意义。
