Bohnert K Adam, Johnson Alyssa E
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 May 11;10:863922. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.863922. eCollection 2022.
Lysosomes are acidic, membrane-bound organelles that play essential roles in cellular quality control, metabolism, and signaling. The lysosomes of a cell are commonly depicted as vesicular organelles. Yet, lysosomes in fact show a high degree of ultrastructural heterogeneity. In some biological contexts, lysosome membranes naturally transform into tubular, non-vesicular morphologies. Though the purpose and regulation of tubular lysosomes has been historically understudied, emerging evidence suggests that tubular lysosomes may carry out unique activities, both degradative and non-degradative, that are critical to cell behavior, function, and viability. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the biological significance of tubular lysosomes in cellular physiology, and we highlight a growing number of examples that indicate the centrality of this special class of lysosomes to health and disease.
溶酶体是酸性的、有膜包裹的细胞器，在细胞质量控制、代谢和信号传导中发挥着重要作用。细胞中的溶酶体通常被描绘为囊泡状细胞器。然而，事实上溶酶体表现出高度的超微结构异质性。在某些生物学环境中，溶酶体膜会自然转变为管状的非囊泡形态。尽管管状溶酶体的目的和调控在历史上一直未得到充分研究，但新出现的证据表明，管状溶酶体可能会执行独特的活动，包括降解性和非降解性活动，这些活动对细胞行为、功能和生存能力至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了在理解管状溶酶体在细胞生理学中的生物学意义方面的最新进展，并强调了越来越多的例子表明这类特殊的溶酶体对健康和疾病的核心作用。
