Andersson N, Kerr Muir M, Mehra V, Salmon A G
Department of Occupational Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Br J Ind Med. 1988 Jul;45(7):469-75. doi: 10.1136/oem.45.7.469.
In the two weeks immediately after the Bhopal disaster a community based survey was carried out in a series of eight exposed and two non-exposed clusters of households. The primary concern was the effect of the gas (subsequently identified as methyl isocyanate) on the eyes of the victims but data were also sought on respiratory status and the first symptoms of the exposure. No case of blindness was encountered that could be attributed to the gas. The most frequent symptoms reported were burning of the eyes, coughing, watering of the eyes, and vomiting. Among these, the frequency of cough most closely followed the rate of death in the different clusters. Although much rarer overall, the frequency of reported diarrhoea appeared to bear a stronger relation to death rates. Reports of photophobia and the clinical finding of superficial interpalpebral erosion of the cornea were more frequent where the death rates were lower. This clinical and epidemiological picture is consistent with different effects of the gas at different doses (as estimated from distance from the factory).
在博帕尔灾难发生后的两周内，对一系列八个受影响的居民组和两个未受影响的居民组进行了一项基于社区的调查。主要关注的是该气体（随后确定为异氰酸甲酯）对受害者眼睛的影响，但也收集了有关呼吸状况和暴露初期症状的数据。未发现可归因于该气体的失明病例。报告的最常见症状是眼睛灼痛、咳嗽、流泪和呕吐。其中，咳嗽的频率在不同居民组中与死亡率最为密切相关。虽然腹泻总体上要少见得多，但报告的腹泻频率似乎与死亡率有更强的关联。畏光报告以及角膜睑裂间浅表糜烂的临床发现，在死亡率较低的地区更为频繁。这种临床和流行病学情况与该气体在不同剂量下（根据与工厂的距离估算）产生的不同影响是一致的。
