Andersson N, Ajwani M K, Mahashabde S, Tiwari M K, Muir M K, Mehra V, Ashiru K, Mackenzie C D
TUC Centenary Institute of Tropical Medicine, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
Br J Ind Med. 1990 Aug;47(8):553-8. doi: 10.1136/oem.47.8.553.
A follow up study three years after exposure to methyl isocyanate in 93% of exposed survivors and "control" residents in 10 Bhopali communities showed an excess of eye irritation, eyelid infection, cataract, and a decrease in visual acuity among the exposed people. Breathlessness was twice as common in the heavily exposed clusters as those with lower exposure, a trend that could not be explained by different age or smoking patterns (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.36-3.08). Case referent analysis of outpatient attendances at Bhopal Eye Hospital, considering patients with severe refractive errors and astigmatism as "controls," showed a 40% increased risk of trachoma, 36% increased risk of other lid infections, and 45% increased risk of irritant symptoms among previously exposed people. "Bhopal eye syndrome" may thus include full resolution of the initial interpalpebral superficial erosion, a subsequent increased risk of eye infections, hyperresponsive phenomena (irritation, watering, and phlyctens), and possibly cataracts. It remains to be confirmed whether this reflects a more generalised disease as a consequence of previous exposure to methyl isocyanate or whether it is only the eye that is affected.
一项针对博帕尔10个社区中93%的暴露幸存者和“对照”居民在接触异氰酸甲酯三年后的随访研究显示，暴露人群中眼部刺激、眼睑感染、白内障增多，视力下降。在高暴露人群中，呼吸急促的发生率是低暴露人群的两倍，这种趋势无法用不同的年龄或吸烟模式来解释（比值比2.05，95%可信区间1.36 - 3.08）。以严重屈光不正和散光患者为“对照”，对博帕尔眼科医院门诊就诊情况进行病例对照分析，结果显示既往暴露人群患沙眼的风险增加40%，患其他眼睑感染的风险增加36%，出现刺激症状的风险增加45%。因此，“博帕尔眼综合征”可能包括最初睑间浅表糜烂完全消退，随后眼部感染风险增加、高反应现象（刺激、流泪和泡性结膜炎），以及可能出现白内障。这是否反映了既往接触异氰酸甲酯导致的更广泛疾病，或者是否仅眼部受到影响，仍有待证实。
