Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2021 May 6;16(5):e0251234. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251234. eCollection 2021.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a global pandemic, including Indonesia. However, there are only limited data regarding the precise prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Here, to estimate the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 infection in East Java, Indonesia, we investigated the prevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. We enrolled 1,819 individuals from June to December 2020 and observed that the subjects' overall prevalence of IgG antibody to SARS-CoV-2 was 11.4% (207/1,819). The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies differed significantly between the job/occupation groups (P = 0.0001). A greater prevalence of IgG was detected in laboratory technicians (who take samples from suspected cases and deal with polymerase chain reaction [PCR] procedures, 22.2%) compared to medical personnel who see and take direct care of patients with COVID-19 (e.g., physicians and nurses, 6.0%), other staff in medical facilities (2.9%), general population (12.1%) and non-COVID-19 patients (14.6%). The highest prevalence among age groups was in the 40-49-year-olds (14.8%), and the lowest prevalence was in the 20-29-year-olds (7.4%). However, the younger population still showed a higher prevalence than generally reported, suggesting greater exposure to the virus but less susceptibility to the disease. A geographical difference was also observed: a higher prevalence in Surabaya (13.1%) than in Jombang (9.9%). In conclusion, the COVID-19 outbreak among asymptomatic populations was characterized by a high prevalence of infection in East Java, Indonesia.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起，导致全球大流行，包括印度尼西亚。然而，关于印度尼西亚 COVID-19 大流行的确切流行率的数据有限。在这里，为了估计印度尼西亚东爪哇 SARS-CoV-2 感染的规模，我们调查了免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）抗体的流行率。我们于 2020 年 6 月至 12 月招募了 1819 人，观察到研究对象 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体的总体流行率为 11.4%（207/1819）。SARS-CoV-2 抗体的流行率在职业/职业组之间存在显著差异（P=0.0001）。实验室技术员（从疑似病例中取样并处理聚合酶链反应[PCR]程序）的 IgG 检出率较高（22.2%），与直接照顾 COVID-19 患者的医务人员（如医生和护士，6.0%）、医疗机构的其他工作人员（2.9%）、一般人群（12.1%）和非 COVID-19 患者（14.6%）相比，存在更大的 IgG 检出率。年龄组中最高的流行率出现在 40-49 岁人群（14.8%），最低的流行率出现在 20-29 岁人群（7.4%）。然而，年轻人群的流行率仍然高于一般报道，这表明他们接触病毒的可能性更大，但患病的可能性较小。还观察到地理差异：泗水（13.1%）的流行率高于戎马勿廓（9.9%）。总之，印度尼西亚东爪哇无症状人群的 COVID-19 疫情特征是感染率高。
