Dept. of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Dept. of Emergency Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Arnsberg, Germany.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 8;16(4):e0248813. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248813. eCollection 2021.
Healthcare personnel are at risk to aquire the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We evaluated the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and positive nasopharyngeal reverse transcriptase polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests in German intensive care and emergency physicians. Physicians attending intensive care and emergency medicine training courses between June 16th and July 2nd 2020 answered a questionnaire and were screened for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies via automated electrochemiluminiscence immunoassay. We recruited 516 physicans from all parts of Germany, 445/516 (86%) worked in high risk areas, and 379/516 (73%) had treated patients with COVID-19. The overall positive rate was 18/516 (3.5%), 16/18 (89%) had antibodies against SARS-COV-2, another 2 reported previous positive RT-PCR results although antibody testing was negative. Of those positive, 7/18 (39%) were unaware of their infection. A stay abroad was stated by 173/498 (35%), mostly in Europe. 87/516 (17%) reported a febrile respiratory infection after January 1st 2020 which was related to SARS-CoV-2 in 4/87 (4.6%). Contact to COVID-19 positive relatives at home was stated by 22/502 (4.4%). This was the only significant risk factor for Covid-19 infection (Fisher´s exact test, p = 0.0005). N95 masks and eye protection devices were available for 87% and 73%, respectively. A total of 254/502 (51%) had been vaccinated against seasonal influenza. The overall SARS-CoV-2 infection rate of german physicians from intensive care and emergency medicine was low compared to reports from other countries and settings. This finding may be explained by the fact that the German health care system was not overwhelmed by the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
医护人员面临感染 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的风险，该病毒由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起。我们评估了德国重症监护和急诊医师中 SARS-CoV-2 抗体和鼻咽逆转录酶聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测呈阳性的流行率。2020 年 6 月 16 日至 7 月 2 日期间参加重症监护和急诊医学培训课程的医师回答了一份问卷，并通过自动化电化学发光免疫分析筛查 SARS-CoV-2 抗体。我们从德国各地招募了 516 名医师，其中 445/516（86%）在高风险地区工作，379/516（73%）治疗过 COVID-19 患者。总阳性率为 18/516（3.5%），16/18（89%）对 SARS-COV-2 有抗体，另外 2 人报告了以前 RT-PCR 检测呈阳性的结果，尽管抗体检测呈阴性。在阳性者中，7/18（39%）不知道自己感染了。498 名中有 173 名（35%）报告称在 2020 年 1 月 1 日之后有发热性呼吸道感染，其中 87/516（17%）报告称在 2020 年 1 月 1 日之后有发热性呼吸道感染，其中 4/87（4.6%）与 SARS-CoV-2 有关。22/502（4.4%）报告称与家中 COVID-19 阳性亲属有接触。这是 COVID-19 感染的唯一显著危险因素（Fisher 精确检验，p = 0.0005）。N95 口罩和眼部防护设备的使用率分别为 87%和 73%。共有 254/502（51%）接种了季节性流感疫苗。与其他国家和地区的报告相比，德国重症监护和急诊医师的 SARS-CoV-2 总感染率较低。这一发现可能是由于德国医疗保健系统没有被 SARS-CoV-2 大流行的第一波压垮。
