Hoang Hai Huu, Tran Anh Thi Ngoc, Nguyen Van Hung, Nguyen Thi Thanh Binh, Nguyen Thi Anh Phuong, Le Dinh Duong, Jatho Alfred, Onchonga David, Duong Tuyen Van, Nguyen Minh Tu, Tran Binh Thang
Student's Affairs Office, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam.
Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021 Apr 30;14:997-1005. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S301091. eCollection 2021.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder commonly in children. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of ADHD and risk factors among first-year pupils in Vietnam's urban city.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected primary schools. Information on 525 pupils in grade 1 (ages 6 to 7 years) was collected from 525 parents/caregivers and 28 teachers. We used the Vanderbilt Assessment Scales with two separate versions for parents and teachers to screen children with ADHD symptoms.
Among the total of 525 pupils, 24 (4.6%) were found to have ADHD symptom types (boy: 6.5%; girl: 2.1%). The combined ADHD type accounted for the highest proportion of 3.4%, followed by predominantly inattentive and predominantly hyperactivity type. ADHD prevalence rated by teachers was higher than those rated by parents. High agreement between parents and teachers was reported (κ > 0.6). The risk of ADHD increased in male participants (aOR=4.90, 95% CI 1.51-15.85), those having a first-degree relative with ADHD (aOR=85.2, 95% CI 1.66-4371.8), in-utero exposure to tobacco smoke (aOR=4.78, 95% CI 1.31-17.44), and prenatal alcohol drinking (aOR=8.87, 95% CI 2.29-34.42).
These findings suggest the importance of ADHD screening for pupils attending elementary schools, particularly those with a family history of ADHD. Public health programs should reduce prenatal exposure to the potential risk factors of ADHD (smoking and alcohol consumption).
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种常见于儿童的心理健康障碍。本研究旨在调查越南某城市一年级学生中ADHD的患病率及其风险因素。
在四所随机选取的小学开展了一项横断面研究。从525名家长/照顾者和28名教师处收集了525名一年级学生（年龄6至7岁）的信息。我们使用了针对家长和教师的两个不同版本的范德比尔特评估量表来筛查有ADHD症状的儿童。
在总共525名学生中，发现24名（4.6%）有ADHD症状类型（男孩：6.5%；女孩：2.1%）。混合型ADHD占比最高，为3.4%，其次是注意力不集中为主型和多动为主型。教师评定的ADHD患病率高于家长评定的患病率。据报告，家长和教师之间的一致性较高（κ>0.6）。男性参与者（调整后比值比[aOR]=4.90，95%置信区间[CI]1.51 - 15.85）、有ADHD一级亲属的参与者（aOR=85.2，95% CI 1.66 - 4371.8）、子宫内暴露于烟草烟雾的参与者（aOR=4.78，95% CI 1.31 - 17.44）以及产前饮酒的参与者（aOR=8.87，95% CI 2.29 - 34.42）患ADHD的风险增加。
这些发现表明对小学生进行ADHD筛查的重要性，尤其是那些有ADHD家族史的学生。公共卫生项目应减少产前暴露于ADHD的潜在风险因素（吸烟和饮酒）。
