Chevallier Mathieu, Borgeaud Maxime, Addeo Alfredo, Friedlaender Alex
Department of Oncology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva 1205, Switzerland.
World J Clin Oncol. 2021 Apr 24;12(4):217-237. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i4.217.
Lung cancer, of which non-small lung cancer is the most common subtype, represents the leading cause of cancer related-death worldwide. It is now recognized that a significant proportion of these patients present alterations in certain genes that drive oncogenesis. In recent years, more of these so-called oncogenic drivers have been identified, and a better understanding of their biology has allowed the development new targeted agents. This review aims to provide an update about the current landscape of driver mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer. Alterations in and are discussed, as well as agents targeting these alterations. Current standards of treatment as well as promising future strategies are presented. Currently, more than fifteen targeted agents are food and Drug administration-approved for seven oncogenic drivers in non-small-cell lung cancer, highlighting the importance of actively searching for these mutations. Continuous and future efforts made in defining the biology of each of these alterations will help to elucidate their respective resistance mechanisms, and to define the best treatment strategy and therapeutic sequence.
肺癌，其中非小细胞肺癌是最常见的亚型，是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。现在人们认识到，这些患者中有很大一部分在驱动肿瘤发生的某些基因中存在改变。近年来，更多这些所谓的致癌驱动因素被发现，对其生物学特性的更好理解使得新型靶向药物得以开发。本综述旨在提供非小细胞肺癌驱动基因突变现状的最新信息。文中讨论了[具体基因1]和[具体基因2]的改变，以及针对这些改变的药物。介绍了当前的治疗标准以及有前景的未来策略。目前，超过15种靶向药物已获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准，用于治疗非小细胞肺癌的7种致癌驱动因素，这凸显了积极寻找这些突变的重要性。在确定每种改变的生物学特性方面持续进行的以及未来的努力，将有助于阐明它们各自的耐药机制，并确定最佳治疗策略和治疗顺序。
