Heremans Ruben, Jan Ziga, Timmerman Dirk, Vankelecom Hugo
Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.
Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 20;9:661472. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.661472. eCollection 2021.
The pelviperineal organs of the female reproductive tract form an essential cornerstone of human procreation. The system comprises the ectodermal external genitalia, the Müllerian upper-vaginal, cervical, endometrial and oviductal derivatives, and the endodermal ovaries. Each of these organs presents with a unique course of biological development as well as of malignant degeneration. For many decades, various preclinical models have been employed to study female reproductive organ (patho-)biology, however, facing important shortcomings of limited expandability, loss of representativeness and inadequate translatability to the clinic. The recent emergence of 3D organoid models has propelled the field forward by generating powerful research tools that replicate healthy as well as diseased human tissues and are amenable to state-of-the-art experimental interventions. Here, we in detail review organoid modeling of the different female reproductive organs from healthy and tumorigenic backgrounds, and project perspectives for both scientists and clinicians.
女性生殖道的盆腔会阴器官是人类生殖的重要基石。该系统包括外胚层的外生殖器、苗勒管来源的上阴道、宫颈、子宫内膜和输卵管衍生物，以及内胚层的卵巢。这些器官中的每一个都有独特的生物发育过程以及恶性退变过程。几十年来，人们采用了各种临床前模型来研究女性生殖器官的（病理）生物学，但这些模型面临着可扩展性有限、代表性丧失以及临床可转化性不足等重要缺点。最近3D类器官模型的出现推动了该领域的发展，它生成了强大的研究工具，能够复制健康和患病的人体组织，并适用于先进的实验干预。在此，我们详细综述了来自健康和致瘤背景的不同女性生殖器官的类器官建模，并为科学家和临床医生展望了前景。
