Elwood Robert W
School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Apr 20;8:631151. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.631151. eCollection 2021.
I review studies that examined the possibility of pain experience in fish and note how they provided guidance on general methods that could be applied to other animals such as decapod crustaceans. The fish studies initially reported the occurrence of prolonged rocking movements in trout and rubbing of their lips if they were injected with acetic acid. Subsequent studies examined the role of morphine in reducing these activities and examined shifts in attention when responding to noxious stimuli. Various studies take up these themes in decapods. The results reported for the two taxonomic groups are remarkably similar and indicate that responses of both go beyond those expected of mere nociceptive reflex. Thus, the idea of pain cannot be dismissed by the argument that fish and decapods respond only by reflex. The responses of both clearly involve central processing, and pain experience, although not proven for either, is a distinct possibility. These studies have been the subjects of highly critical opinion pieces and these are examined and rebutted. The conclusion is that both fish and decapods should be awarded consideration for their welfare.
我回顾了一些研究，这些研究探讨了鱼类疼痛体验的可能性，并指出它们如何为可应用于其他动物（如十足目甲壳类动物）的一般方法提供指导。鱼类研究最初报告称，如果给鳟鱼注射醋酸，它们会出现长时间的摇摆动作并摩擦嘴唇。随后的研究考察了吗啡在减少这些活动中的作用，并研究了对有害刺激做出反应时注意力的转移。各种研究在十足目动物中探讨了这些主题。针对这两个分类群报告的结果非常相似，表明两者的反应都超出了单纯伤害性反射的预期。因此，不能以鱼类和十足目动物仅通过反射做出反应这一论点来否定疼痛的概念。两者的反应显然都涉及中枢处理，尽管尚未对任何一方进行证实，但疼痛体验是一种明显的可能性。这些研究一直是高度批判性评论文章的主题，本文对这些评论进行了审视和反驳。结论是，鱼类和十足目动物的福利都应得到考虑。
