Shenmu Hospital Affiliated to Northwest University, Shenmu City Hospital, Shenmu, Shaanxi province, China.
Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2021 May 7;16(5):e0250573. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250573. eCollection 2021.
Dyslipidemia is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. By collecting the blood lipid profiles among adult residents of Shenmu City in Shaanxi Province, China, we aim to assess and elucidate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia in this city.
Stratified multistage sampling was used to survey 4,598 permanent adult residents in five areas of Shenmu (2 communities in the county seat, 2 in the southern area and 2 in the northern area) from September 2019 to December 2019. Questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0.
The average level of total cholesterol (TC) is 4.47mmol/L, that of triglyceride (TG) 1.32mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 1.27mmol/L, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) 1.44g/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 2.7mmol/L and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) 0.97g/L. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (HTC), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) is 22.4%, 33.3%, 14.5%, and 5.81%, respectively, and the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia is 48.27%. Furthermore, blood lipid levels and prevalence of dyslipidemia vary by region, age, gender, occupation and educational level. Nine risk factors of dyslipidemia were identified, which are living in county seat or northern industrial area, increasing age, male, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, hypertension, abnormal glucose metabolism (pre-diabetes or diabetes) and hyperuricemia.
The blood lipid levels and dyslipidemia prevalence of adults in Shenmu City are higher comparing to national averages of China. Combining risk factors of dyslipidemia, early detection and public health interventions are necessary in high-risk population for associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention.
血脂异常是心脑血管疾病的主要危险因素。本研究通过收集陕西省神木市成年居民的血脂谱数据，旨在评估和阐明该市血脂异常的患病率和危险因素。
采用分层多阶段抽样方法，于 2019 年 9 月至 12 月调查了神木市五个地区（县城 2 个社区、南部 2 个地区和北部 2 个地区）的 4598 名常住成年居民。进行问卷调查和体格检查。使用 SPSS 软件版本 26.0 分析数据。
总胆固醇（TC）平均水平为 4.47mmol/L，三酰甘油（TG）为 1.32mmol/L，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）为 1.27mmol/L，载脂蛋白 A1（ApoA1）为 1.44g/L，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）为 2.7mmol/L，载脂蛋白 B（ApoB）为 0.97g/L。高胆固醇血症（HTC）、高甘油三酯血症（HTG）、低高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）和高低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）的患病率分别为 22.4%、33.3%、14.5%和 5.81%，血脂异常的总患病率为 48.27%。此外，血脂水平和血脂异常的患病率因地区、年龄、性别、职业和教育水平而异。确定了血脂异常的 9 个危险因素，包括居住在县城或北部工业区、年龄增长、男性、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖、吸烟、高血压、葡萄糖代谢异常（糖尿病前期或糖尿病）和高尿酸血症。
与中国全国平均水平相比，神木市成年人的血脂水平和血脂异常患病率较高。结合血脂异常的危险因素，对高危人群进行早期检测和公共卫生干预，对于预防相关心脑血管疾病是必要的。
