Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100082, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Zhujiang Hospital, Laboratory of Medicine Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2021 Sep;74:92-104. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.001. Epub 2021 May 4.
Cancer therapeutic strategies include surgeries, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapies. However, current cancer treatment still faces challenges such as postoperative residuals, postoperative recurrence, chemoradiotherapy resistance and lack of drugs with high specificity, due to the complexity of the cancer environment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-capsuled membrane vesicles secreted from cells, communicating vital messages between cells and regarding function in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Investigation of compositions and functions of EVs may open unprecedented, promising avenues for cancer therapeutics. This review brings new perspectives from both researchers and clinicians in the EV field, emphasizing the ties between basic research and ongoing clinical trials. In sum, our review summarizes the roles EVs play in cancer therapy, ranging from mechanisms to applications in cancer treatment. In particular, it focuses on their therapeutic potential with an eye toward clinical relevance.
癌症治疗策略包括手术、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗和免疫疗法。然而，由于癌症环境的复杂性，目前的癌症治疗仍然面临术后残留、术后复发、放化疗耐药以及缺乏高特异性药物等挑战。细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是由细胞分泌的脂质囊泡，在细胞之间传递重要信息，并在肿瘤发生和转移中发挥作用。研究 EVs 的组成和功能可能为癌症治疗开辟前所未有的、有前景的途径。本综述从 EV 领域的研究人员和临床医生的角度带来了新的视角，强调了基础研究与正在进行的临床试验之间的联系。总之，我们的综述总结了 EVs 在癌症治疗中的作用，从机制到癌症治疗中的应用。特别是，它侧重于它们的治疗潜力，并着眼于临床相关性。
