Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, (A Coruña), Spain.
Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, (A Coruña), Spain.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Jul;52:102979. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102979. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
During the last decades, the frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasing worldwide. Nevertheless, the higher sensibility of the new diagnostic criteria obscures the comparison between studies performed in different decades.
The evolution of the frequency of MS in Santiago de Compostela (North-West of Spain) between 2003 and 2015 was analyzed using Poisson regression. The diagnosis was confirmed according to Poser criteria. Several sources were consulted for case ascertainment: databases from the MS Unit, the Infusion Center, and the Departments of Neurology, Pharmacy, Pediatric Neurology and Codification of the public Hospital of Santiago, private hospitals, neurologists with private activity, general practitioners, and associations of patients.
In 12 years, the prevalence increased from 68 to 143 cases/100,000 inhabitants, from 83 to 176 in females; and from 49 to 106 in males (p <0.0001, 0.0001, and 0.0002 respectively). The incidence rise was not significant (from 5 to 8 cases/ 100,000 inhabitants/ year (p=0.4243). The mean age of the population growth 5.7 years (p=0.008). The changes in female: male ratio (12.9%), in the age at the first symptom (2.2 years), and the diagnosis delay (0.12 years) did not achieve significance (p=0.7750, 0.1606, 0.8581).
The prevalence of MS doubled in 12 years whilst the difference in incidence was lower and not significant. The disproportion in the growth of both parameters, as well as the higher mean age in the last study, suggest a longer survival of patients with MS.
在过去的几十年中，多发性硬化症（MS）的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。然而，新诊断标准的更高敏感性掩盖了不同十年间研究结果的可比性。
使用泊松回归分析了 2003 年至 2015 年期间圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉（西班牙西北部）MS 发病率的变化。诊断结果根据 Poser 标准进行确认。为了确定病例，我们查阅了多个来源：MS 科、输液中心、神经病学、药学、儿科神经病学和圣地亚哥公立医院编码部门、私立医院、私人执业的神经病学家、全科医生和患者协会的数据库。
12 年间，患病率从 68 例/10 万居民增加到 143 例/10 万居民，女性从 83 例增加到 176 例/10 万居民，男性从 49 例增加到 106 例/10 万居民（p＜0.0001，0.0001 和 0.0002）。发病率的上升没有统计学意义（从 5 例/10 万居民/年增加到 8 例/10 万居民/年，p=0.4243）。人口增长的平均年龄增加了 5.7 岁（p=0.008）。女性与男性比例（12.9%）、首发症状年龄（2.2 岁）和诊断延迟（0.12 年）的变化没有达到统计学意义（p=0.7750，0.1606，0.8581）。
在 12 年内，MS 的患病率增加了一倍，而发病率的差异较低且无统计学意义。两个参数的增长不成比例，以及最后一项研究中平均年龄的增加，表明 MS 患者的生存时间延长。
